Currently, most protocols evaluating the efficacy of gallstone lithotripsy require a visualized gallbladder on oral cholecystography (OCG). The primary purpose of the OCG is to establish that the cystic duct is patent. When the gallbladder is visualized on OCG, it can also be used to number and size gallstones accurately. Patients with non-visualization of the gallbladder on OCG are excluded from

Developing a reliable and quantitative assessment of the potential virulence of a malignancy has been a long-standing goal in clinical cytometry. DNA histogram analysis provides valuable information on the cycling activity of a tumor population through S-phase estimates; it also identifies nondiploid populations, a possible indicator of genetic instability and subsequent predisposition to metastas

Plant mitochondria have a highly branched electron transport chain that provides great flexibility for oxidation of cytosolic and matrix NAD(P)H. In addition to the universal electron transport chain found in many organisms, plants have alternative NAD(P)H dehydrogenases in the first part of the chain and a second oxidase, the alternative oxidase, in the latter part. The alternative activities are

The required thermal insulation in cold conditions and time limits for cold exposure can be predicted by the thermal index IREQ/DLE (Insulation REQuired), described in ISO/TR-11079. The thermal insulation of a clothing ensemble can be measured with a thermal manikin or estimated according to ISO 9920. The basic thermal insulation of single garments (Iclu) can be summated to estimate the basic insu

Background and aims: Oral aminosalicylates are well established in the treatment of active mild/moderate ulcerative colitis (UC) when the disease is extensive (that is, beyond the splenic flexure). The majority of clinical symptoms relate to disease activity in the distal part of the colon and therefore this study was designed to investigate if adding a mesalazine enema to oral mesalazine has addi

The Council Presidency offered Sweden a possibility to contribute not only to a number of important issue areas but also to what we may call the ‘foreign policy’ side of the EU.A general question was, of course, what sort of impact Sweden could make in this field, given its background as a nonaligned and small state — a country generally regarded as hesitant in terms of supranational policy-making

In 1995 and 1996 a Swedish feed mill had problems due to a persistent contamination of Salmonella enterica spp. enterica serovar Senftenberg that was difficult to eliminate. Forty-eight strains isolated from the feed mill, together with unrelated strains included to evaluate the discriminatory power and reproducibility, were analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The source of contam

Abstract in Chinese Abstract is not available

Erik Acharius, Linnaeus last pupil and accounted as "The father of lichenology", was born 250 years ago, on the 10th of October 1757. After graduating in Uppsala and taking his medical degree in Lund, he eventually settled in Vadstena, where he worked as a provincial doctor and chief physician at the hospital for veneral diseases. At the age of 36 he wrote his first lichenological work and then co

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the usefulness of the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and the Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) as general outcome measures after vascular intervention for lower limb ischemia with respect to patients' quality of life, on the basis of validity, reliability, and responsiveness analyses. Patients and Methods: Eighty patients, 40 with claudication