Voorhees et al. (Reports, 5 November 2010, p. 835) determined the structure of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) and aminoacyl-transfer RNA bound to the ribosome with a guanosine triphosphate (GTP) analog. However, their identification of histidine-84 of EF-Tu as deprotonating the catalytic water molecule is problematic in relation to their atomic structure; the terminal phosphate of GTP is more likely

New basis sets of the atomic natural orbital (ANO) type have been developed for the lanthanide atoms La-Lu. The ANOs have been obtained from the average density matrix of the ground and lowest excited states of the atom, the positive ions, and the atom in an electric field. Scalar relativistic effects are included through the use of a Douglas-Kroll-Hess Hamiltonian. Multiconfigurational wave funct

Tubular ceramic membranes with many, small-diameter feed flow channels have the advantage of being less costly per unit membrane area. For this reason, membranes with many small channels are often favored over those with fewer larger channels. We have theoretically studied how the diameter of the feed flow channels influences the frictional pressure drop, the membrane performance (flux and retenti

Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) may alleviate the toxicological impacts of concurrently rising tropospheric ozone (O-3) during the present century if higher CO2 is accompanied by lower stomatal conductance (g,), as assumed by many models. We investigated how elevated concentrations of CO2 and O-3, alone and in combination, affected the accumulated stomatal flux of O-3 (AFst) by canopies an

The interaction between DNA and various cationic species, e. g. cationic surfactant (CS), has a broad biological and biotechnological significance. In the cell nucleus as well as in transfection formulations, other species, mainly zwitterionic lipids, are also present but their exact role needs elucidation. A closer investigation of the stability of structures formed as well as the molecular arran

Context. The solar mid-infrared metallic emission lines have already been observed and analyzed well, and the formation scenario of the Mg I 12 mu m lines has been known for more than a decade. Detections of stellar emission at 12 mu m have, however, been limited to Mg I in very few objects. Previous modeling attempts have been made only for Procyon and two cool evolved stars, with unsatisfactory

Abstract in UndeterminedThe attractiveness of places is currently gaining a high policy salience in policymakers’ efforts to draw mobile capital. Yet, while there are a growing number of empirical studies considering the migration of people and the attractiveness of places, there is an acute lack of conceptual understanding of the phenomena that hamper discussions between researchers and policymak

Many control engineering tasks nowadays rely on the simulation of complex multi-physics systems. Modern tools allow to build the required dynamic models conveniently, thanks to Object-Oriented Modelling languages, e.g., Modelica, and to perform simulations with hardly any additional effort on the part of the analyst. However, when simulation speed is of concern, the same tools fall short of exploi

The purpose of this article is to present and discuss the development of a system for assessing and improving healthcare organisations. The system components comprise (1) a framework or model for assessing, measuring, diagnosing and improving healthcare organisations, (2) a simple methodology for data collection, data analysis and prioritising improvement areas and (3) an index named ILL (innovati

As downscaling of semiconductor devices continues, one or a few randomly placed dopants may dominate the characteristics. Furthermore, due to the large surface-to-volume ratio of one-dimensional devices, the position of the Fermi level is often determined primarily by surface pinning, regardless of doping level. In this work, we investigate the possibility of tuning the Fermi level dynamically wit

Epidemiological studies have shown direct associations between type 2 diabetes and obesity, both conditions associated with hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinemia, and the risk of pancreatic cancer. Up to 80% of pancreatic cancer patients present with either new-onset type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance at the time of diagnosis. Recent population studies indicate that the incidence of pancr

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hepatic venous Doppler technique in the diagnosis of premature heart beats in prenatals. Furthermore, to estimate the prevalence and persistency of atrial and ventricular extra beats throughout pregnancy and delivery, and explore the coexistence of congenital heart disease. METHODS: Retrospective study of 256 singleton pregnancies on out-patient attendance due to fetal e

In this paper we discuss new adaptive proposal strategies for sequential Monte Carlo algorithms—also known as particle filters—relying on criteria evaluating the quality of the proposed particles. The choice of the proposal distribution is a major concern and can dramatically influence the quality of the estimates. Thus, we show how the long-used coefficient of variation (suggested by Kong et al.

The stability of the Nystrom method for the Muskhelishvili equation on piecewise smooth simple contours Gamma is studied. It is shown that in the space L-2 the method is stable if and only if certain operators A tau(j) from an algebra of Toeplitz operators are invertible. The operators A tau(j) depend on the parameters of the equation considered, on the opening angles theta(j) of the corner points

Background: Most studies assessing health effects of neighborhood characteristics either use self-reports or objective assessments of the environment, the latter often based on Geographical Information Systems (GIS). While objective measures require detailed landscape data, self-assessments may yield confounded results. In this study we demonstrate how self-assessments of green neighborhood enviro

We compare and discuss the two most commonly used electrical characterization techniques for nanowires (NWs). In a novel single-NW device, we combine Hall effect and back-gated and top-gated field effect measurements and quantify the carrier concentrations in a series of sulfur-doped InP NWs. The carrier concentrations from Hall effect and field effect measurements are found to correlate well when

Mate choice for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) compatibility has been found in several taxa, although rarely in birds. MHC is a crucial component in adaptive immunity and by choosing an MHC-dissimilar partner, heterozygosity and potentially broad pathogen resistance is maximized in the offspring. The MHC genotype influences odour cues and preferences in mammals and fish and hence olfactory

The enzyme myeloperoxidase shows several unusual properties compared to other peroxidases, e.g. a red-shifted absorption spectrum and a peroxidase activity towards chloride. It has been suggested that this is caused by the unusual covalent links between the heme group and the surrounding protein, but whether it is caused by the two ester links to Glu-242 and Asp-94 or the sulfonium ion linkage to