Background: Two acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) subphenotypes (hyperinflammatory and hypoinflammatory) with distinct clinical and biological features and differential treatment responses have been identified using latent class analysis (LCA) in seven individual cohorts. To facilitate bedside identification of subphenotypes, clinical classifier models using readily available clinical var

Interferons (IFNs) are secreted cytokines with the ability to activate expression of IFN stimulated genes that increase resistance of cells to virus infections. Activated transcription factors in conjunction with chromatin remodelers induce epigenetic changes that reprogram IFN responses. Unexpectedly, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase1 (Ogg1) knockout mice show enhanced stimuli-driven IFN expression t

This paper considers approximate smoothing for discretely observed non-linear stochastic differential equations. The problem is tackled by developing methods for linearising stochastic differential equations with respect to an arbitrary Gaussian process. Two methods are developed based on (1) taking the limit of statistical linear regression of the discretised process and (2) minimising an upper b

The implementation of continuous processing in the biopharmaceutical industry is hindered by the scarcity of process analytical technologies (PAT). To monitor and control a continuous process, PAT tools will be crucial to measure real-time product quality attributes such as protein aggregation. Miniaturizing these analytical techniques can increase measurement speed and enable faster decision-maki

Importance: Infection control guidelines have historically classified high-flow nasal oxygen and noninvasive ventilation as aerosol-generating procedures that require specialized infection prevention and control measures. Objective: To evaluate the current evidence that high-flow nasal oxygen and noninvasive ventilation are associated with pathogen-laden aerosols and aerosol generation. Data Sourc

BACKGROUND: The OVHIPEC-1 trial previously showed that the addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to interval cytoreductive surgery resulted in improved progression-free and overall survival compared with cytoreductive surgery alone at 4·7 years of follow-up in patients with stage III epithelial ovarian cancer who were ineligible for primary cytoreduction. We report the fina

BACKGROUND: Breast milk provides infants with complete nutrition for immune development and protection against childhood diseases and associated mortality. Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) aids in providing colostrum to newborns, providing protection against infection, and improving newborn and infant survival. Although Simiyu reported the lowest prevalence of EIBF in Tanzania, no study ha

Stochastic optimization methods are commonly used in the design process of power electronic systems. These require models of crucial parts of the system which are both scalable and computationally efficient. This paper presents thermal models for traction inverter power modules based on scalable chip area that provide high speed of execution and accuracy. The thermal model includes chip-chip inter

Recent advances have uncovered the non-random distribution of 7, 8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoGua) induced by reactive oxygen species, which is believed to have epigenetic effects. Its cognate repair protein, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), reads oxidative substrates and participates in transcriptional initiation. When redox signaling is activated in small airway epithelial cells, the DNA r

Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare primary brain epithelial tumors arising in the suprasellar region from remnants of Rathke's pouch. About 50% originate at the level of the third ventricle floor, including the hypothalamus (HT). CPs are characterized by a low proliferation rate and symptoms due to mass effect and local infiltration and are managed primarily with surgery and radiotherapy. Gross tot