The viability of modern open science norms and practices depends on public disclosure of new knowledge, methods, and materials. However, increasing industry funding of research can restrict the dissemination of results and materials. We show, through a survey sample of 837 German scientists in life sciences, natural sciences, engineering, and social sciences, that scientists who receive industry f

Cell replacement therapies in Parkinson's disease (PD) aim to provide long-lasting relief of patients' symptoms. Previous clinical trials using transplantation of human fetal ventral mesencephalic (hfVM) tissue in the striata of PD patients have provided proof-of-principle that such grafts can restore striatal dopaminergic (DA-ergic) function. The transplants survive, reinnervate the striatum, and

Personal cooling systems (PCS) have been developed to mitigate the impact of severe heat stress for humans working in hot environments. It is still a great challenge to develop PCSs that are portable, inexpensive, and effective. We studied the performance of a new hybrid PCS incorporating both ventilation fans and phase change materials (PCMs). The cooling efficiency of the newly developed PCS was

P>Memory T cells are known to play a key role in prevention of allograft tolerance in alloantigen-primed mice. Here, we used an adoptively transferred memory T cell model and an alloantigen-primed model to evaluate the abilities of different combinations of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to block key signaling pathways involved in activation of effector and memory T cells. In the adoptively transferr

The aim of this paper is to provide an explanation to why the degree of informal employment may vary substantially between different regions within a country. In Brazil, 45% of workers in the urban labor force are employed informally. The degree of informal employment, however, varies substantially across regions, with some cities having 20% and others having 80% or more of their labor force in th

Palsa mires, nutrient poor permafrost peatlands common in subarctic regions, store a significant amount of carbon (C) and it has been hypothesized their net ecosystem C balance (NECB) is sensitive to climate change. Over two years we measured the NECB for Stordalen palsa mire and found it to accumulate 46 g C m(-2) yr(-1). While Stordalen NECB is comparable to nutrient poor peatlands without perma

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that the use of mesh in groin hernia repair may be associated with an increased risk for male infertility as a result of inflammatory obliteration of structures in the spermatic cord. In a recent study, we could not find an increased incidence of involuntary childlessness. The aim of this study was to evaluate this issue further. METHODS: Men born betwee

Toleranser är de mått som visar hur mycket konstruktionen får avvika från ritning till tillverkning, utsättning och montering och ändå nå de krav som ställts på slutprodukten. Allt byggande då olika komponenter ska monteras ihop kräver noggrannhet och precision. Detta så att de olika byggdelarna passar ihop då de ska monteras på byggarbetsplatsen. Passar inte de olika delarna så blir det korrigeri

Despite the importance of both response probability and response time for testing models of choice there is a dearth of chronometric studies examining systematic asymmetries that occur over time- and space-orders in the method of paired comparisons. In this study, systematic asymmetries in discriminating the magnitude of paired visual stimuli are examined by way of log-odds ratios of binary respon

Spectra of coherent bremsstrahlung from the diamond crystal in the laboratory MAX-lab on the accelerator MAX-I are measured at the energy of the electronic beam 144 MeV. First in the laboratory MAX-lab a source of the polarized photon radiation was created. Photon spectra were compared with theoretical calculations, that allow to estimate a magnitude of photon polarization, which is sufficient, fo

Optimization of sensory processing during development can be studied by using photoreceptors of hemimetabolous insects (with incomplete metamorphosis) as a research model. We have addressed this topic in the stick insect Carausius morosus, where retinal growth after hatching is accompanied by a diurnal-to-nocturnal shift in behavior, by recording from photoreceptors of first instar nymphs and adul

This article is an analysis of the Swedish feature film "Brita i grosshandlarhuset" from 1946 about a poor girl that moves to the city finding employment as a maid in the house of a rich merchant. Here I examine the compromises - in terms of constructions of class and gender - that paved the way for a new narrative, with the progression of imagery from, so to speak, the symbol of the merchant hous

Objectives: Little is known about the biological processes causing aortic aneurysm rupture. Chronic Chlomydophila pneumoniae infection has been suggested as a possible contributing factor to the development and expansion of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The importance of infection in AAA may be related to the previous pathogen burden, that is, the number of significant titres of antibodies agai

We report on the use of binary mixtures of oppositely charged gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and spherical polyelectrolyte brushes (SPBs), consisting of a polystyrene core onto which long polystyrene sulfonate chains are grafted, as a simple model system to investigate the influence of directional interactions on self-assembly. We demonstrate that the mixing ratio, i.e., the number of AuNPs per SPB, h

In this work we present the first XOS degrading glycoside hydrolase from Weissella, WXyn43, a two-domain enzyme from GH43. The gene was amplified from genomic DNA of the XOS utilizing Weissella strain 92, classified under the species pair Weissella cibaria/W.confusa, and expressed in Escherichia coli. The enzyme is lacking a putative signal peptide and is, from a homology model, shown to be compos

Popular Abstract in Swedish Under livets gång utsätts vi för en mängd exponeringar som påverkar vår hälsa. I denna avhandling har vi försökt förstå hur olika exponeringar påverkar risken för celiaki (glutenintolerans) hos barn. Vi har utnyttjat information i nationella register och använt epidemiologiska metoder. Med ett socialepidemiologiskt tankesätt lyfter vi blicken från individen till att äveCeliac disease is a chronic gastrointestinal disease affecting approximately 1% of the population. It is precipitated in genetically predisposed individuals by ingestion of food containing gluten or similar proteins that are present in wheat, rye and barley. The disease might present with symtoms such as malnutrition, diarrhea or abdominal bloating, but a large proportion of those afflicted by the