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Transcriptional Regulation of X-Box-Binding Protein One (XBP1) by Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α (HNF4α) is Vital to Beta-Cell Function.

The transcription factor, X-box Binding Protein-One (XBP1), controls the development and maintenance of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in multiple secretory cell lineages. We show here that Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4-alpha (HNF4α) directly induces XBP1 expression. Mutations in HNF4α cause Mature-Onset Diabetes of the Young I (MODYI), a subset of diabetes characterized by diminished GSIS. In mouse

Exercise capacity in relation to body fat distribution and muscle fibre distribution in elderly male subjects with impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes and matched controls.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of insulin sensitivity and muscle fibre composition to exercise capacity in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT). METHODS: Thirty-nine male patients with T2D, 44 male subjects with IGT and 58 subjects with NGT matched for age, weight and body mass index (BMI) participa

Short-term and long-term effects of a psycho-educational group intervention for family caregivers in palliative home care - results from a randomized control trial.

Family caregivers in cancer and palliative care often face heavy responsibilities and feel insufficiently prepared for the situation as caregivers. This study evaluates short-term and long-term effects of a psycho-educational group intervention aiming to increase preparedness for family caregiving in specialized palliative home care.

A Comparison of Visual Field Progression Criteria of 3 Major Glaucoma Trials in Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial Patients.

PURPOSE: Three major glaucoma trials, all using the same Humphrey visual field tests, specified different criteria to define visual field progression. This article compares the performance of these criteria with a reference standard of unanimous classifications by 3 independent glaucoma experts. DESIGN: Longitudinal, comparative study of diagnostic criteria. PARTICIPANTS AND CONTROLS: Two hundred

The EUROclass trial: defining subgroups in common variable immunodeficiency.

The heterogeneity of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) calls for a classification addressing pathogenic mechanisms as well as clinical relevance. This European multicenter trial was initiated to develop a consensus of 2 existing classification schemes based on flowcytometric B-cell phenotyping and the clinical course. The clinical evaluation of 303 patients with the established diagnosis of

World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for the Pharmacological Treatment of Eating Disorders

Objectives. The treatment of eating disorders is a complex process that relies not only on the use of psychotropic drugs but should include also nutritional counselling, psychotherapy and the treatment of the medical complications, where they are present. In this review recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of eating disorders (anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating

The lightning swept stroke along an aircraft in flight. Part I: thermodynamic and electric properties of lightning arc channels

During a lightning strike to an aircraft in flight, the lightning channel becomes deformed in the airflow and displaced along the aircraft, a so-called swept stroke . The deformation and the displacement are caused by the interaction between the aerodynamic flow and the plasma properties of the channel together with the properties of the surface. The main part of the lightning current is a continu