This thesis investigates buyer preferences in the procurement of Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes (ITMOs) under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement, which facilitates international cooperation through carbon markets. As ITMO markets are still in the early stages of development, uncertainties regarding regulatory frameworks, environmental integrity, and procurement strategies have eme

Existing studies on China’s COVID-19 response have gravitated to a macro-level,formal institutional analysis, focusing either on the effectiveness of the policy in early stage virus containment or on the growing negative impacts of COVID policy practices on China’s socio-political landscape at the late stage. Using serial interviewsaccompanied by online observations and documents, this thesis redi

Cellular-based localization and sensing pave the way for a variety ofapplications across various domains, ranging from autonomous driv-ing to emergency care and intelligent traffic management. Althoughtraditional methods have been effective, they still face challenges such as therequirement for highly accurate models and the inherent complexity of thealgorithms. This thesis explores the potential

In the Swedish Instrument of Government from 1809, there was a balance of power between the King and the Parliament. From these two basic spheres of power (con-stituent powers), power was further divided into five parts (constituted powers). Through the introduction of parliamentarianism in the early 20th century, a redistri-bution of power took place in practice, but on paper the balance of power

År 2024 är det 50 år sedan riksdagen slutligt beslutade att införa den nuvarande regeringsformen. Jubileet har fått relativt mycket uppmärksamhet. Riksdagen har byggt upp en särskild webbplats med information och det har givits ut minst tre forskningsantologier med anledning av jubileet.I detta temanummer ger statsvetare och jurister sina perspektiv på centrala teman med anknytning till den nu fem

Shirin Ahlbäck Öberg belyser i sin artikel i detta nummer av Statsvetenskaplig tidskrift några viktiga aspekter av hur lärosätenas konstitutionella ställning har utvecklats fram till 1974 års regeringsform och därefter. I ett större perspektiv visar hennes bidrag också på några allmänna drag i regeringsformens tillkomst och betydelse för den offentliga verksamheten. I denna kommentar ger jag några

We investigate the use of atmospheric oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) measurements for the estimation of the fossil fuel component of atmospheric CO2 in the UK. Atmospheric potential oxygen (APO) - a tracer that combines O2 and CO2, minimizing the influence of terrestrial biosphere fluxes - is simulated at three sites in the UK, two of which make APO measurements. We present a set of model ex

Marine copepods are the most abundant type of zooplankton of the ocean in terms of biomass. They imprint their surrounding waters with a unique signature of chemical compounds, out of which copepodamides stand out. These polar lipids are recognized by some phytoplanktonic species, who induce defensive traits in response, including bioluminescence and toxin production, colony size plasticity or str

Atmospheric methane (CH4) and its isotopic composition trends over the last decades are explained by various flux scenarios, from tropical wetland emission increases through to reductions in global hydroxyl (OH). In this study, we develop a modeling framework to assess the potential usefulness of clumped isotope measurements to distinguish between the main drivers of change in the CH4 burden. We m

Resilience comprises positive adaptation to stress and has been extensively studied in the context of breast cancer. Nevertheless, specific experiences of breast cancer survivors in relation to resilience are unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the diverse experiences of important resilience aspects in breast cancer survivors. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 25 breast cancer

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are used in a range of industrial applications and have largely replaced previously used gases (CFCs and HCFCs). HFCs are not ozone-depleting but have large global warming potentials and are, therefore, reported to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Here, we use four independent inverse models to estimate European emissions of the two HFCs

We use the GEOS-Chem global 3-D model and two inverse methods (the maximum a posteriori and ensemble Kalman filter) to infer regional methane (CH4) emissions and the corresponding stable-carbon-isotope source signatures from 2004-2020 across the globe using in situ and satellite remote sensing data. We use the Siegel estimator to determine linear trends from the in situ data. Over our 17-year stud

It is estimated that global anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reduced by up to 12% at the start of 2020 compared to recent years due to the COVID-19 related downturn in economic activity. Despite the large decrease in CO2 emissions, no reduction in the trend in background atmospheric CO2 concentrations has been detected. So, how long would it take for sustained COVID-19 CO2 emission red

We have employed a new approach to quantify the amount fraction of nitrous oxide in a synthetic air matrix gas used to prepare high-accuracy reference materials of the same component. Until now, this was the largest contributor to the measurement uncertainty of nitrous oxide in air reference materials at atmospheric amount fractions (∼330 nmol mol-1), as identified in a recent international compar

This paper analyses the role of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and Islamic Development Bank (IsDB) during crises, considering their limits and potential.