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Serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] is associated with several chronic pulmonary diseases, recognizing 5-HT2 receptor antagonists as potential inhibitors of tissue remodeling. However, the effects of 5-HT2 receptors, especially 5-HT2B receptors on airway function and remodeling, are unclear. We investigated the role of 5-HT2B receptors on airway smooth muscle contractility and remodeling proces

Objectives: The aim was to investigate if there is an interaction between sitting time and leisure time physical activity on blood pressure and if there are age differences and sex differences in this respect. Methods: Linear regression analysis on cross-sectional data was performed in more than 45 000 men and women from two Swedish cohort studies, EpiHealth (45-75 years) and LifeGene (18-45 years

The production of a top quark in association with a Z boson is investigated. The proton–proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2015 and 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13TeV are used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1fb−1. Events containing three identified leptons (electrons and/or muons) and two jets, one of which is identified as a b-quark jet

Experimental evidence for Majorana bound states (MBSs) is so far mainly based on the robustness of a zero-bias conductance peak. However, similar features can also arise due to Andreev bound states (ABSs) localized at the end of an island. We show that these two scenarios can be distinguished by an interferometry experiment based on embedding a Coulomb-blockaded island into an Aharonov-Bohm ring.

Purpose: In this paper, we discuss the role of participatory research in integrated agricultural technology development using the example of a solar fruit drying project in Mozambique. Design/methodology/approach: We engage in seven participatory exercises with groups of farmers from two farmers’ associations in Inharrime district in Mozambique to identify their needs for solar fruit drying that a

Colonization and migration have a crucial effect on patterns of biodiversity, with disease predicted to play an important role in these processes. However, evidence of the effect of pathogens on broad patterns of colonization and migration is limited. Here, using phylogenetic analyses of 1,311 species of Afro-Palaearctic songbirds, we show that colonization events from regions of high (sub-Saharan

In this paper, a distinctly subjectivist analysis of the nature of relational goodness or goodness for is proposed. Like the generic subjectivist analysis of value, the proposal is to analyse value in terms of attitudes. Specifically, the proposed analysis of goodness for appeals to a special kind of attitude: namely, so-called for-someone’s-sake attitudes. Unlike other analyses in the literature

Background: To describe the uptake and system-level effects of the introduction of biosimilars in a setting without forced switching. Research design and methods: We used data from the Swedish Rheumatology Quality register from start of marketing of infliximab (Remsima® and Inflectra®) and etanercept (Benepali®) biosimilars until 31 December 2016. We compared users of each originator-product and i

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess patient-related outcomes at short-term follow-up in patients with a proximal tibial fracture. Methods: One hundred sixteen patients (119 fractures) treated at our institution during 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Follow-up was 1.6 (SD ± 0.4) years post-injury, including the short musculoskeletal function assessment and visual analog scale for pa

We report on a comprehensive theory-simulation-experimental study of collective and self-diffusion in concentrated suspensions of charge-stabilized colloidal spheres. In theory and simulation, the spheres are assumed to interact directly by a hard-core plus screened Coulomb effective pair potential. The intermediate scattering function, fc(q, t), is calculated by elaborate accelerated Stokesian dy

Harmonic periods have wide applicability in industrial real-time systems. Rate monotonic (RM) is able to schedule task sets with harmonic periods up to 100% utilization. Also, if there is no release jitter and execution time variation, RM and EDF generate the same schedule for each instance of a task. As a result, all instances of a task are interfered by the same amount of workload. This property

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common, progressive neurodegenerative disease, which typically presents itself with a range of motor symptoms, like resting tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity, but also non-motor symptoms such as fatigue, constipation, and sleep disturbance. Neuropathologically, PD is characterized by loss of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and Lewy bod

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the right ventricular (RV) performance during exercise in patients who underwent mitral valve repair for chronic mitral valve insufficiency relative to healthy individuals and to assess exercise capacity using a semisupine ergometer. Methods: We studied 56 patients who underwent mitral valve repair for degenerative posterior mitral leaflet prolapse

Background--Both the adrenergic and renin-angiotensin systems contribute to orthostatic circulatory homeostasis, which is impaired in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Activating autoantibodies to the α1-adrenergic and β1/2-adrenergic receptors have previously been found in sera from patients with POTS. We hypothesized that patients with POTS might also harbor activating autoantibo

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a nuclear hormone receptor that regulates key genes controlling development, metabolism, and the immune response. GR agonists are efficacious for treatment of inflammatory, allergic, and immunological disorders. Steroid hormone binding to the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of GR is known to change the structural and dynamical properties of the receptor, which in tu

Standards, that is, a set of rules, norms or measures that establish a degree of uniformity such that idiosyncratic instances can be subjected to comparative evaluation, have long been recognized as fundamental to the production of economic efficiency. For instance, the division of labor, which underpins not only global trade but also innovation, relies on standards (Smith, 1776). Specifically, se