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A comparison between the effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and unfragmented heparin (UH) on induction of osteoporosis was made in 60 rats treated with either UH (2 IU/g bw), LMWH in 2 doses (2 XaI U/g or 0.4 XaI U/g) or placebo (saline) for 34 days. Studied variables were: bone mineral mass in femora; fragility of humera; zinc and calcium levels in serum and bone ash and albumin in pla

Altered renal function is an essential component of the pathophysiological process in preeclampsia. The kidneys play a significant part in the turnover of most low molecular weight substances such as creatinine, urate and cystatin C. The present work was undertaken to investigate if the serum levels of these components are altered in characteristic ways in preeclampsia, and can be used to assist i

Culture is undoubtedly one of the most significant aspects of identity, yet our understanding of the concept and particularly of its consequences for international conflict management is underdeveloped. In this article, we test the hypothesis that cultural differences between parties reflect diversity and contradictions, and that these differences compound the difficulties faced by conflicting par

Infection and inflammation are characterized by the release of chemotactic substances that activate cells of the immune system. One of these important mediators is LTB4, an arachidonic acid derivate that attracts e.g. monocytes and granulocytes to inflammatory sites and induces phagocytosis and degranulation. LTB4 binds to BLT1 which is a 7-transmembrane receptor that belongs to the superfamily of

In vision-based feedback control systems, the time to obtain sensor information is usually non-negligible, and these systems thereby possess fundamentally different timing behavior compared to standard real-time control applications. For many image-based tracking algorithms, however, it is possible to trade-off the computational time versus the accuracy of the produced position/orientation estimat

Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a novel apolipoprotein presented mostly in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in human plasma, and is exclusively expressed in liver and in kidney. The pathophysiological function of apoM has not yet been elucidated. Apolipoprotein B (apoB), the characteristic apolipoprotein of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), is like apoM, a very hydrophobic protein, and thereafter they both

Popular Abstract in Swedish Sedering vid respiratorbehandling inom intensivvård ? praxis av sedering och patienters minnen, påfrestande upplevelser och psykologiska problem Akut svårt sjuka patienter i behov av respiratorbehandling på en intensivvårds-avdelning (IVA) utsätts för akut stress och diverse obehag från sjukdomen och/eller skadan, behandlingen, andningstuben och IVA-miljön. MinnesstörnThe overall aim of this thesis was to describe and determine intensive care sedation in adult mechanically ventilated patients with the emphasis on patients? memory, stressful experiences and psychological distress. The results are based on a nationwide postal survey (Paper I) including 89 Swedish intensive care units (ICUs) followed by a prospective cohort study (Papers II?IV) conducted over 18 m

Popular Abstract in Swedish Bröstcancer är den vanligast förekommande cancerformen hos kvinnor och årligen drabbas ungefär 6000 kvinnor i Sverige. I de flesta fall uppstår bröstcancer spontant, men viss ärftlighet ligger bakom ca 10 % fallen. Det finns kopplingar till faktorer som ökar risken för bröstcancer. Till riskfaktorer hör bl.a. långvarig exponering för hormoner: tidig mens och sent klimakUnrestrained proliferation is a hallmark of cancer and genetic defects within G1/S-phase regulation and the pRb pathway occur frequently. Proliferation control can be circumvented either by excess cyclin D1 or cyclin E, alterations that can define two alternative tumour biologic pathways in breast cancer. By overexpressing cyclin E in a cell line model system we demonstrate that the capacity of ce

Bolivia, a country located in the center of South America, has in the west part an Andean region, where the Poopó Lake is located. The area has many mineral resources, and thus since thousands of years,mining activity has had a large importance; however, mainly since colonial times, the extraction of these resources has been indiscriminate and the region of the Poopó Lake, has suffered the consequ

This communication reports a theoretical study of the conversion of homocysteine to methionine by methionine synthase. The reaction pathway is based on density functional calculations with large basis sets, including thermodynamic, relativistic, and solvent effects. We find that the suggested SN2 mechanism explains well the experimentally observed reaction rate. The results show that the reaction

Linkage disequilibrium (LD), the nonrandom occurrence of alleles in haplotypes, has long been of interest to population geneticists. Recently, the rapidly increasing availability of genomic polymorphism data has fueled interest in LD as a tool for fine-scale mapping, in particular for human disease loci(1). The chromosomal extent of LD is crucial in this context, because it determines how dense a

Popular Abstract in Swedish Äldre människor har ofta många hälsoproblem som t.ex. svårigheter att gå, se, höra, smärta och inkontinens men hur vanligt det är bland de allra äldsta är lite under¬sökt. De olika hälsoproblemen kan finnas samtidigt och i särskilda mönster men få studier har gjorts om detta. När ett hälsoproblem läggs till ett annat kommer det kanske till en punkt när behov av hjälp ärAim: The aim of this thesis was to investigate type, degree and patterns of health complaints, need for help and health-related quality of life across gender among persons aged 75?105 as well as to identify how patterns of health complaints, gender, age and socio-economic factors related to need for help with daily activities and quality of life (Paper I). The aim was also to investigate the preva

1. We experimentally tested if a multiplicative risk model accurately predicted the consumption of a common mayfly at risk of predation from three predator species in New Zealand streams. Deviations between model predictions and experimental observations were interpreted as indicators of ecologically important interactions between predators. 2. The predators included a drift-feeding fish [brown t

BACKGROUND: Intestinal inactivity leads to atrophic changes and concomitant alterations in the expression of neurotransmitters in the enteric nervous system. In atrophic rat ileum neurones expressing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) decrease in number while nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expressing neurones increase. Since little is known

The present study addresses the question why there is a positive relationship between nitrogen deposition and potential net nitrogen mineralisation and nitrification in oak (Quercus robur L.) forest soils in south Sweden (Falkengren-Grerup et al., 1998), and how this is related to the carbon mineralisation. We tested three hypotheses based on European studies (Persson et al., 2000a,b) that postula