This paper presents a three-dimensional sequentially coupled thermo-mechanical analysis of the friction stir welding process suitable for residual stress prediction. A friction stir butt weld of the aluminium alloy 2024 T3 is simulated using finite element analysis. The thermal model includes diffusive heat transfer in the work pieces and that backing plate, convective heat transfer in the work pi

Heart transplantation is life saving for patients with end-stage heart disease. However, a number of factors influence how well recipients and donor organs tolerate this procedure. The main objective of this study was to develop and validate a flexible risk model for prediction of survival after heart transplantation using the largest transplant registry in the world.

Chemokine receptor CX3CR1(+) dendritic cells (DCs) have been suggested to sample intestinal antigens by extending transepithelial dendrites into the gut lumen. Other studies identified CD103(+) DCs in the mucosa, which, through their ability to synthesize retinoic acid (RA), appear to be capable of generating typical signatures of intestinal adaptive immune responses. We report that CD103 and CX3C

The extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission from few-times ionized tungsten atoms has been experimentally studied at the Livermore electron beam ion trap facility. The ions were produced and confined during low-energy operations of the EBIT-I electron beam ion trap. By varying the electron-beam energy from around 30-300 eV, tungsten ions in charge states expected to be abundant in tokamak divertor plas

The complement system is important for protection from invading pathogens, removal of waste products and guidance of the immune response. Furthermore, complement can be also targeted to cancer cells. However, membrane-bound inhibitors over-expressed by certain types of tumor cells restrict the cytotoxic activity of complement. Herein we report that non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells produce

We have conducted a detailed investigation of the broadband spectral properties of the gamma-ray selected blazars of the Fermi LAT Bright AGN Sample (LBAS). By combining our accurately estimated Fermi gamma-ray spectra with Swift, radio, infra-red, optical, and other hard X-ray/gamma-ray data, collected within 3 months of the LBAS data taking period, we were able to assemble high-quality and quasi

One-dimensional nanostructure arrays can show fascinatingly different, tunable optical response compared to bulk systems. Here we study theoretically and demonstrate experimentally how to engineer the reflection and absorption of light in epitaxially grown vertical arrays of InAs nanowires (NWs). A striking observation is optically visible colors of the array, which we show can be tuned depending

The main focus of this thesis is the analysis of the interactions between antennas and channels where electromagnetic fields play a central role. Our goal has been to devise a general framework to enable a clear separation of the properties of the propagation channel from the influence of the antennas at the same time as it provides a common ground for a joint characterization of their properties.

Dendrimers are polymers with unique properties that make them promising in a variety of applications such as potential drug and gene delivery systems. PAMAM dendrimers, in particular, have been widely investigated and are efficiently translocated into the cell. The mechanism of translocation, however, is still unknown. Recently it was proposed that PAMAM dendrimers are able to open holes in lipid

The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is more than 1%omicron annually in the general population and increases further in cancer patients. The risk of VTE is higher in multiple myeloma (MM) patients who receive thalidomide or lenalidomide, especially in combination with dexamethasone or chemotherapy. Various VTE prophylaxis strategies, such as low-molecular-Weight heparin (LMWH), warfarin o

Background: Lectures supported by theatrical performance may enhance learning and be an attractive alternative to traditional lectures. This study describes our experience with using theatre in education for medical students since 2001. Methods: The volunteer students, coached by experienced students, were given a two-week preparation period to write and prepare different dramatized headache scena

Impaired insulin secretion is a major contributor to diabetes. Obesity is a known risk factor for the development of diabetes, and prolonged exposure of pancreatic islets to lipids results in impaired insulin secretion. Insulin is released from pancreatic beta-cells as a result of Ca2+-induced exocytosis. Recent experiments have shown that chronic palmitate exposure results in the loss of localise

Appropriately designing the proposal kernel of particle filters is an issue of significant importance, since a bad choice may lead to deterioration of the particle sample and, consequently, waste of computational power. In this paper we introduce a novel algorithm adaptively approximating the so-called optimal proposal kernel by a mixture of integrated curved exponential distributions with logisti

Purpose. To investigate if testicular cancer survivors (TCSs) have a higher incidence of work loss compared with the population, accounting for stage, treatment and relapse.Material and methods. A cohort of 2146 Swedish TCSs diagnosed 1995-2007 (seminoma n = 926, non-seminoma n = 1220) was identified in the SWENOTECA (Swedish-Norwegian Testicular Cancer Group) register, and matched 1:4 to populati

A measurement of dijet correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector is presented. Jets are reconstructed from charged particles measured in the central tracking detectors and neutral energy deposited in the electromagnetic calorimeter. The transverse momentum of the full jet (clustered from charged and neutral constituents) and charged jet (clustered from charge

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of primary brain tumor. In spite of surgical resection, combined radiation therapy and chemotherapy, the mean survival is less than 15 months following diagnosis. Using the established N29 and N32 animal models of glioma, shown to have many similarities with the human tumor, we are able to study and develop therapeutic strategies

Renewable energy sources of heat offer the substantial economic, environmental and social benefits associated with renewable electricity but policy to support their expansion is considerably less advanced. The potential for applying various support instruments to renewable heat is considered with advantages and disadvantages discussed. (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd.