Energy is a key source of economic growth due to its involvement as the primary input. Energy drives economic productivity and industrial growth. It can be considered as the prime requirement for the modern economy. Solar energy is a renewable source of energy that can be used to produce heat or generate electricity. The total amount of solar energy available on Earth’s surface is vastly in exce

Hydropower is a renewable and reliable energy source that can be utilized to fulfil energy demands and promote energy sustainability. In hydropower plants, Pelton turbines are installed at high-head and low-discharge sites. In Pelton turbines, needle, nozzle, buckets, and splitter are most exposed to silt erosion. An eroded turbine takes more discharge than rated for generating the same amount of

Nowadays, strengthening of reinforced concrete structures with a new class of sustainable materials is the possible solution to retrofit the aged deteriorated structures. It is difficult to predict the capacity of the strengthened (FRP/FRCM) reinforced concrete elements without considering the bond strength. Therefore, the concrete substrate to Fibre-Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) bond is a

Importance: Women with adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm delivery or preeclampsia, have higher future risks of cardiometabolic disorders; however, little is known about their long-term mortality risks. A better understanding of such risks is needed to facilitate early identification of high-risk women and preventive actions. Objective: To determine long-term mortality risks associated wi

Corrosion results in large costs and environmental impact but can be controlled by thin oxide films that passivate the metal surfaces and hinder further oxidation or dissolution in an aqueous environment. The structure, chemistry, and thickness of these oxide films play a significant role in determining their anti-corrosion properties and the early-stage oxidation dynamics affect the properties of

Sverige behöver tydligare åtgärder och mål för att klara den gröna omställningen. Ryckig och motsägelsefull klimatpolitik riskerar att bromsa processen, skriver tre forskare i en ny SNS-rapport.

With growing urbanization and increase in energy demand for space heating and cooling in buildings, reliability, security, distribution of energy and its efficient end use is of utmost importance particularly when emissions from energy use and indoor thermal comfort of the end users isof question. Numerous solutions have been put forth in the field of effective distribution of thermal energy to me

This book discusses the various aspects of smart cities and their architecture along with the application of the latest technologies, including the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI). The concept of smart cities, their development, technological advancements, and issues related to them are discussed in detail.Smart Cities: Concepts, Practices, and Applications covers numerou

Anion exchange polymers (AEPs) play a crucial role in green hydrogen production through anion exchange membrane water electrolysis. The chemical stability of AEPs is paramount for stable system operation in electrolysers and other electrochemical devices. Given the instability of aryl ether-containing AEPs under high pH conditions, recent research has focused on quaternized aryl ether-free variant

Concrete carbonation is a prevalent phenomenon that leads to steel reinforcement corrosion in reinforced concrete (RC) structures, thereby decreasing their service life as well as durability. The process of carbonation results in a lower pH level of concrete, resulting in an acidic environment with a pH value below 12. This acidic environment initiates and accelerates the corrosion of steel reinfo

Exposure to infectious diseases in early life has been linked to increased mortality risk in later life in high-disease settings, such as eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe. Less is known about the long-term effects of early-life disease exposure in milder disease environments. This study estimates heterogeneous effects from disease exposure in infancy on later-life mortality in twentieth-c

In the context of climate change and increasing water scarcity, adopting water demand-side management (DSM) policies has become necessary. This study advocates for utilizing agent-based modelling (ABM) as a robust simulation tool to assess the impact of nonprice (nudges) and price (changes in increasing block tariff) measures on urban water use. Overcoming challenges posed by insufficient high-qua

Electroactive polymers (EAPs) deform when subject to an electric field, which is generated by two or more electrodes. To ensure proper function of the EAP, these electrodes are connected to a source and they are therefore required to be continuous such that no isolated islands exist. Increasing an EAP’s performance using topology optimization while ensuring electrode connectivity is the goal of th

PURPOSE: Anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer induces bowel dysfunction, but the influence on urinary and sexual function is largely unknown. This cross-sectional cohort study evaluated long-term effect of anastomotic leakage on urinary and sexual function in male patients. METHODS: Patients operated with anterior resection for rectal cancer in 15 Swedish hospitals 2007-2

Cities, where human energy activities and greenhouse gas emissions are concentrated, contribute significantly to alleviating the impacts of global climate change. Utilizing the China Carbon Emissions Accounting Database (CEADs) to provide carbon dioxide emission inventories for urban areas in China at the prefecture level, this study closely examines the historical evolution trajectories of carbon

The effects of defects in In0.47Ga0.53As/Al2O3/Ni metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) stacks at cryogenic temperatures are investigated. The MOS stacks exhibit a hysteresis in the capacitance-voltage (CV) curve, both at room temperature and at 100K, indicating the presence of effective charge capture/emission dynamics in the oxide even at cryogenic temperatures. Border traps (BTs) in the Al2O3 close t

In this paper we investigate the ways in which a university, taking on the scale of a city of its own, affords meetings for researchers and teachers between disciplines. How does the continuous transformation and expansion of the university’s physical environment affect the everyday lives and serendipitous encounters of the researchers active within it? The aim of the paper is to develop a concept

New particle formation via the ion-mediated sulfuric acid and ammonia molecular clustering mechanism remains the most widely observed and experimentally verified pathway. Recent laboratory and molecular level observations indicate iodine-driven nucleation as a potentially important source of new particles, especially in coastal areas. In this study, we assess the role of iodine species in particle