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Background: It is not known whether stromal cells in benign breast tissue can mediate risk of breast cancer. We recently described aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 A1 (ALDH1) positive (+) cells in morphologically normal breast stroma of premenopausal women, and the data indicated that their distribution is associated with clinical risk factors for breast cancer. The aim of the present study was to define

During the last decade, the serotonergic system has emerged as a key player in the appearance of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in animal models of Parkinson’s disease. Clinical investigations, based on imaging and postmortem analyses, suggest that the serotonin neurons are also involved in the etiology of this complication of long-term L-DOPA treatment in parkinsonian patients. These findings have sti

Deuterated proteins and other bio-derived molecules are important for NMR spectroscopy, neutron reflectometry, small angle neutron scattering, and neutron protein crystallography. In the current study we optimized expression media and cell culture conditions to produce high levels of 3 different deuterated human carbonic anhydrases (hCAs). The labeled hCAs were then characterized and tested for de

Minimalinvasiv mitralisklaffkirurgi är en komplex procedur. Därför krävs koncentrering till ett fåtal kirurger.Fördelarna med tekniken är minskad blodförbrukning, kortare vårdtid och snabbare återhämtning för patienten.Samarbeten med etablerade centrum bör övervägas vid nyetablering för att förkorta inlärningskurvan och inte riskera patientsäkerheten.Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery - a technique for everyone? Less invasive procedures are being developed within all surgical specialties. In cardiac surgery, minimally invasive surgery is mainly suitable for mitral valve disease. It is a technically more complex procedure compared to standard cardiac surgery. All complex procedures have a learning curve and the surgeon must be exposed to a

Background: Approximately 15–20% of ulcerative colitis patients and 20–40% of those with Crohn’s disease experience extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) of their inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Clinicians who treat IBD must manage EIMs affecting multiple organs that variably correlate with intestinal disease activity. Vedolizumab is a monoclonal antibody for the treatment of IBD with a gut-sele

Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism and altered levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) are associated with vascular events in chronic kidney disease. After renal transplantation, this association is not clear. Pre-transplant parathyroidectomy (PTX) is common, but post-transplant data are scarce. We aimed to study the effect of PTH at the time of transplantation on risk of post-transplant vascul

Chloride ions play an important role in controlling excitability of principal neurons in the central nervous system. When neurotransmitter GABA is released from inhibitory interneurons, activated GABA type A (GABAA) receptors on principal neurons become permeable to chloride. Typically, chloride flows through activated GABAA receptors into the neurons causing hyperpolarization or shunting inhibiti

Multi-component transient signals show up in many different areas, most commonly in communication and radar but are also often found in measurements of human related signals, such as electrical responses of the heart and the brain. Transient signals are also typical in animal acoustic applications, e.g., dolphin echo locations and bird song syllables. The usual basis functions in linear modeling oMulti-component transient signals show up in many different areas, most commonly in communication and radar but are also often found in measurements of human related signals, such as electrical responses of the heart and the brain. Transient signals are also typical in animal acoustic applications, e.g., dolphin echo locations and bird song syllables. The usual basis functions in linear modeling o

Providing health and social care to older persons is challenging, since older persons often have multiple diseases and a complex health situation. Hence many professions and organisations are involved. Lack of interprofessional and interorganisational collaboration leads to fragmented care. Care planning meetings before hospital discharge have long been used to overcome this fragmentation, but mee

Periodogram averaging with multiple windows can be used in spectrum analysis of nonstationary data. Usually, however, the windows for the subspectra are equally weighted in the estimate. In this correspondence, a criterion for the optimization of weighting factors is formulated as the average of normalized bias, variance, or mean square error in a certain frequency interval around a predefined pea

Bleeding with difficulties obtaining haemostasis can be a catastrophe. This paper summarizes a symposium with the above title. A short introduction gives the background of normal haemostasis as well as iatrogenic vascular injuries as reflected in the Swedish vascular registry (Swedvasc). Practical guidelines are given on how to manage situations of severe haemorrhage with the help of pharmacologic

Describes a method to measure changes in the mid-latency auditory evoked potential (MLAEP) during anesthesia. It is claimed that the position of the Nb-trough of the MLAEP indicates the level of consciousness. The component shows graded changes corresponding to the dose of anesthetic and it exhibits stable reproducible properties between different subjects. The authors propose a system that reduce

A multiple window method for estimation of the peaked power density spectrum is designed. The method optimizes a filter function utilizing the Karhunen-Loeve basis functions of a known peaked spectrum as windows to reduce variance and bias in the locality of the frequency peak. For improving performance, a penalty function is used to suppress the sidelobes outside a given bandwidth. The improved w

We address the problem of detecting double-talk in a full duplex transmission line. A new double-talk detector (DTD) based on measuring the similarity between the far- and near-end speech signals is proposed. The detector is block oriented and operates in the frequency domain where the similarity between the signals is measured by means of the coherence function. The coherence is estimated with a

This paper deals with estimation of the waveform of a single event-related potential, sERP. An additive noise model is used for the measured signal and the SNR of the disturbed sERP is approximately 0 dB. The sERP is described by a series expansion where the basis functions are damped sinusoids. The fundamental basis function is estimated by the least squares Prony method, derived for colored nois

Rot in living trees cause substantial losses for the forestry industry. The common practice when evaluating forest stands for, e.g., purchase, is assessment based on visual signs. In this paper a new non-destructive assessment method based on the impact excitation method is proposed. The trunk of a living tree is excited by the impact of a hammer, and the vibrations are measured by accelerometers.