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Adult foreign language acquisition is challenging, and the degree of success varies among individuals. Anatomical differences in brain structure prior to training can partly explain why some learn more than others. We followed a sample of conscript interpreters undergoing intense language training to study learning-related changes in white-matter microstructure (FA, MD, RD and AD) and associations
Legislation for dementia care needs to be continually rethought, if the rights of older persons and other persons with dementia are to be addressed properly. We propose a theoretical framework for understanding vulnerability and dependency, which enables us to problematize the currently prevailing legal conception of adults as always able-irrespective of health or age-to act autonomously in their
Project funding rarely demands much change on behalf of the recipient. In contrast, cross-sectoral mobility funding requires recipients to change their environment and often some aspects of their research. There is a need to understand the impact on the researchers’ experiences as knowledge producers within such programs, as part of the broader potential and significance of cross-sectoral mobility
The lateral accessory lobes (LALs), paired structures that are homologous among all insect species, have been well studied for their role in pheromone tracking in silkmoths and phonotaxis in crickets, where their outputs have been shown to correlate with observed motor activity. Further studies have shown more generally that the LALs are crucial both for an insect's ability to steer correctly and
Many industries have benefited from modularisation; while in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry, the concept of modularisation is associated with dimensional coordination. This has added to an already extensive list of challenges due to market size and the concept of economies of scale in AEC industry, to name but a few. Moreover, there is a myth that the AEC industry is
The cognitive components of subjective well-being can be measured with the Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) and the Harmony in life scale (HILS), which both comprise five items each. The aim of this article is to abbreviate these scales and examine their psychometric properties and validity. Three datasets including test-retest data are used (N = 787; N = 860; N = 343). The two first datasets w
Background: Liver cirrhosis is associated with osteoporosis and liver transplantation (LT) with increased bone loss. This study aimed to in LT candidates investigate the potential relation between bone mineral density (BMD) and BMD loss in those who undergo LT, with malnutrition, systemic inflammation, and hormonal status. Methods: We included 102 consecutively recruited cirrhotic LT candidates be
The zonation of the Furongian Alum Shale in Scandinavia, based on olenid trilobites, is reviewed and revised. The current scheme is rooted in a detailed zonation introduced in the late 1950s with subzones that subsequently have been elevated to zonal rank. Ten of these zones are difficult to recognize in all Alum Shale districts, and a revised zonation is proposed, focused on unambiguous identific
Background: Homograft tissue is an important reconstructive material used in the surgical correction of a variety of congenital heart defects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term outcome of pulmonary artery (PA) branch patches used in the reconstruction of the thoracic aorta in children. Methods: Retrospective review of 124 consecutive pediatric patients undergoing corrective surger
Social trust is linked to both public sector size and to economic growth, thereby helping to explain how some countries combine high taxes with high levels of economic growth. This paper examines if social trust insulates countries against the negative effects of public sector size on growth, documented in several studies. We note that the effect is theoretically ambiguous. In panel data from 66 c
The displacement speed that characterises the self-propagation of isosurfaces of a reaction progress variable is of key importance for turbulent premixed reacting flow. The evolution equation for the displacement speed was derived in a recent work of Yu and Lipatnikov (Phys Rev E 100:013107, 2019a) for the case where the flame is described by a transport equation for single reaction progress varia
Aim and objectives: To explore the experiences and views of nurses who provide nonpharmacological therapies for chronic pain management in palliative care. Background: Nursing expertise in palliative care is essential in providing pain relief to patients with chronic diseases. Examinations of the use of nonpharmacological therapies for chronic pain management in palliative care have revealed what
Aim: The provision of acute care to persons with mental health problems is challenging due to difficulties in encountering this group and the vulnerability of these persons. Understanding this group's experiences with acute care is thus an important endeavour. The purpose of this review was to critically and systematically identify and assess previous research on experiences of acute care by perso
HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 are strongly associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and DQ8.1 and DQ2.5 are major risk haplotypes. Next-generation targeted sequencing of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 in Swedish newly diagnosed 1- to 18 year-old patients (n = 962) and control subjects (n = 636) was used to construct abbreviated DQ haplotypes, converted into amino acid (AA) residues, and assessed for their associations wit
The variance in phenotypic trait values is a product of environmental and genetic variation. The sensitivity of traits to environmental variation has a genetic component and is likely to be under selection. However, there are few studies investigating the evolution of this sensitivity, in part due to the challenges of estimating the environmental variance. The livestock literature provides a wealt
Given 1 ≤ q< p< ∞, quantitative weighted Lp estimates, in terms of Aq weights, for vector-valued maximal functions, Calderón–Zygmund operators, commutators, and maximal rough singular integrals are obtained. The results for singular operators will rely upon suitable convex body domination results, which in the case of commutators will be provided in this work, obtaining as a byproduct a new proof
Dispersal ability is key to species persistence in times of environmental change. Assessing a species' vulnerability and response to anthropogenic changes is often performed using one of two methods: correlative approaches that infer dispersal potential based on traits, such as wingspan or an index of mobility derived from expert opinion, or a mechanistic modeling approach that extrapolates displa
