Evaluation of various methods in clinical practice is often based on interpretations by two or more observers. Such data need to be analysed with correct statistics, or the results and conclusions may be misleading. In this study, the use of measures of agreement for ordinal data in five international nursing journals is reviewed and various methods for measuring agreement are presented and discus

Type 2 diabetes is caused by a combination of environmental and inherited factors influencing the progression of insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion leading to chronically elevated blood glucose levels. The aim of this thesis was to functionally and genetically characterise the species-conserved diabetes locus Niddm1i of the GK rat encoding hyperglycaemia and defect insulin secretion

Aims: A study was undertaken to examine whether poor self-rated health (SRH) can independently predict all-cause mortality during 22-year follow-up in middle-aged men and women. Subjects and methods: Data are derived from a population-based study in Malmo¨ , Sweden. This included baseline laboratory testing and a self-administered questionnaire. The question on global SRH was answered by 15,590 me

The paper examines how firms in three regional clusters in Norway dominated by shipbuilding, mechanical engineering and electronics industry, respectively exploit both place-specific local resources as well as external, world-class knowledge to strengthen their competitiveness. From these case-studies we make four points: (1) ideal-typical regional innovation systems, i.e., regional clusters "surr

Study of film historiography.

Two families with retinitis pigmentosa showed inheritance of an Arg-16-His ROM1 gene mutation with either an Arg-13-Trp RDS mutation or an Arg-135-Trp RHO mutation. The phenotypes of double and single heterozygotes were determined to examine the hypothesis that digenic inheritance may increase disease expression. In the family with ROM1 and RDS mutations, single heterozygotes were normal but one d

The calcination kinetics of limestone was investigated by TGA at 600-1000-degrees-C and from 1 mbar to 1 atm. The temperature, total pressure, CO2 partial pressure and particle size affect the calcination rate. Above 90% of calcination efficiency can be reached in less than 2.5 s at 1000-degrees-C and 1 mbar. Under the conditions of eliminating all diffusion resistances, the instantaneous rate of

Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common reason for outpatient antimicrobial therapy. Mixed infections pose a potential problem, since the first-line drug used for the treatment of AOM, amoxicillin, can be neutralized by ß-lactamase-producing pathogens of the upper respiratory tract. To study the effects of a 5-day course of amoxicillin on a mixed middle ear infection, rats were challenged with

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Purpose The diagnostic value and cost-efficiency of MR imaging were compared with US before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with clinically suspected biliary tract disease. Material and Methods: In a prospective study of 219 patients, 85 were examined with both MR and US before ERCP. Results: To find the correct diagnosis in the jaundiced patients the sensitivity

We counted butterflies in almost all open grasslands in an area of 8000 hectare over five years (2001-2005) in the central part of the parish of Stenbrohult, southern Sweden (Fig. 1; 56 degrees 37' N, 14 degrees 11' O). This area is currently dominated by forests. Grasslands, mainly grazed by cattle and horses, only cover about 6 % of the area. The study area consisted of 18 farms, most ot them ar

Solvent induced optimization of energy transfer properties in a series of Zn(II)-porphyrin-appended dendrimers has been studied by means of exciton-exciton annihilation. Upon changing from a polar solvent (tetrahydrofuran) to a non-polar solvent (3-methyl-pentane), the annihilation energy transfer rates increase by 28-44%. This is related to a decrease of the hydrodynamic radius, which enhances th

Violaxanthin deepoxidase (VDE) has been purified from spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaves. The purification included differential sonication of thylakoid membranes, differential (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, gel filtration chromatography and finally either hydrophobic interaction chromatography or anion exchange chromatography. A total purification of more than 5000-fold compared to the original thylako