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Importance of the stomach in maintaining calcium homeostatis in the rat

The stomach helps to maintain calcium homoeostasis by making dietary calcium accessible for uptake in the intestines, although the effect of the stomach on calcium homoeostasis is poorly understood. We examined the effect on blood calcium of gastric surgery in the rat. Within three weeks gastrectomy and fundectomy (excision of the acid producing part of the stomach) induced a slight lowering of th

Effects of gastrin on calcium homeostasis in chickens

As in the rat, gastrin and an extract of the acid-producing part of the stomach (proventriculus) were found to lower the blood Ca2+ concentration in the chicken. Furthermore, gastrin enhanced the uptake of 45Ca into the femur. It has been suggested previously that gastrin causes hypocalcemia in the rat by releasing gastrocalcin, a hypothetical hormone thought to reside in the acid-producing part o

Counter-conduct in divided cities : Resisting urban planning policy in Jerusalem

This article explores practices of counter-conduct in Jerusalem. Its aims are threefold: (1) to deepen understandings of how practices of counter-conduct relates to the structures it aims to subvert; (2) to probe how counter-conduct is expressed through subjectivities that undermine and bolster relationships in the conflict; (3) to further understandings of resistance against Jerusalem’s urban pla

Gastrectomy causes bone loss in the rat: is lack of gastric acid responsible?

Total gastrectomy or resection of the acid-producing part of the stomach (fundectomy) in the rat induced a marked and rapid reduction in bone wet weight, ash weight, and density (expressed as ash weight in mg/mm3 bone). Bone volumes were also affected but not as much. The radius, sternum, tibia, and femur were studied. Three weeks after gastrectomy the bone ash weight was reduced by almost 30% and

Variety in knowledge sourcing, geography and innovation: Evidence from the ICT sector in Austria

It has been argued that innovation increasingly depends on external knowledge sources. It is still unclear if relations to particular knowledge sources or to a broad variety of sources matter for innovation. Also, there is a debate on the issue which spatial levels are most relevant. In this context, we investigate the importance for ICT firms in Austria of variety in knowledge sourcing for their

The effect of high or low dietary calcium on bone and calcium homeostasis in young male rats.

Young male rats (100 g body weight) were fed diets containing varying amounts of calcium. Body weight and bone development were studied together with various endocrine parameters, including blood levels of Ca2+, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, and gastrin, and the enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell-related parameters gastric mucosal histidine decarboxylase activity and histamine concentr

Growth of the parathyroid glands in omeprazole-treated chickens

BACKGROUND: Omeprazole, a long-acting inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, is able to increase the circulating concentrations of gastrin. Daily treatment with high doses of omeprazole cause sustained hypergastrinemia. Long-standing hypergastrinemia can be expected to exert numerous effects in the body. For instance, gastrin has been proposed to promote growth in the digestive tract and pancreas. T

Types of innovation, competencies of firms and external knowledge sourcing - Findings from selected sectors and regions of Europe

Many innovation studies have focused on a narrow concept of technological innovation, such as the generation of patents or the introduction of new products. The performance of firms, however, often depends on innovation defined from a broader perspective. This includes process, organizational, and market innovations as was pointed out already by Schumpeter and more recently by other scholars and t

Perturbations in blood Ca2+ do not affect the activity of rat stomach enterochromaffin-like cells.

BACKGROUND: Gastrin stimulates uptake of Ca(2)+ into bone and causes transient hypocalcemia, possibly by releasing a peptide hormone from enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, which are histamine- and peptidehormone-producing cells in the acid-producing part of the stomach. However, if ECL cells secrete a calciotropic hormone, it is to be expected that their activity is affected by the serum Ca(2)+ c

Chicken parathyroid hormone gene expression in response to gastrin, omeprazole, ergocalciferol, and restricted food intake.

Treatment with omeprazole, a long-acting proton pump inhibitor of acid secretion, induces hypergastrinemia. In chickens, omeprazole induces growth not only of the acid-producing mucosa (probably reflecting the trophic action of gastrin), but also of the parathyroid glands (hypertrophy + hyperplasia), while suppressing bone density and body weight gain without affecting blood calcium. The first par

Rat stomach ECL-cell histidine decarboxylase activity is suppressed by ergocalciferol but unaffected by parathyroid hormone and calcitonin.

The ECL cells are peptide hormone-producing cells, rich in histamine and chromogranin A (CGA)-derived peptides, that operate under the control of gastrin. Gastrin and the ECL cells form a functional unit, the gastrin-ECL-cell axis. The aims of the present study were to examine (1) if calcitonin (CT), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D affect the gastrin-ECL-cell axis (by measuring the activit

Inshore Commercial Fisheries in the Service Economy : Session 1 Small-Scale Fisheries Research - towards sustainable fisheries using a multi-entry perspective

The study frames a traditional industry in transition with the aim to understand the ways in which a work-identity is formed in the service economy along the west coast of Sweden. More specifically, we want to understand how diversified inshore commercial fisheries are discursively established and negotiated as a service enterprising subject in three everyday relationships; authorities, customers

Extrapancreatic trypsin-2 cleaves proteinase-activated receptor-2.

Proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) are activated by proteolytic removal of a short amino terminal peptide, thus exposing a new amino terminus that functions as a tethered ligand that activates the receptor. With the aim to identify and study potential activators of PAR-2 we have developed a new method to measure proteolytic cleavage of PARs. PAR-2 was tagged with the insulin C-peptide that upon

Extent of myocardium at risk for left anterior descending artery, right coronary artery, and left circumflex artery occlusion depicted by contrast-enhanced steady state free precession and T2-weighted short tau inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging

Background - Contrast-enhanced steady state free precession (CE-SSFP) and T2-weighted short tau inversion recovery (T2-STIR) have been clinically validated to estimate myocardium at risk (MaR) by cardiovascular magnetic resonance while using myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography as reference standard. Myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography has bee

Empowering interviews : narrative interviews in the study of information literacy in everyday life settings

The main aim of this paper is to discuss how, within a sociocultural perspective, to design and conduct interviews for studying information literacy in everyday life. A methodological framework combining a sociocultural perspective with a narrative interview method is developed, in which visual tools are used to engage interviewees as active participants in the interview situation. This method was

Several cases of undesirable effects caused by methacrylate ultraviolet-curing nail polish for non-professional use

Background: Ultraviolet (UV)-curing nail polishes based on acrylates or methacrylates are currently also available for non-professional use. The Swedish Medical Products Agency recently prohibited one brand of UV-curing polish, because several consumers reported undesirable effects after using it. Objectives: To investigate whether consumers with undesirable effects after using the UV-curing nail

Gender differences in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities : A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Increased knee abduction during weight-bearing activities is suggested to be a contributing factor for the high knee injury risk reported in women. However, studies investigating gender difference in knee abduction are inconclusive. Objective To systematically review gender-differences in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities in individuals with or without knee injury. Methods