PROFiLE (Professional Literacy in English): a longitudinal study of the relationship between English as the medium of instruction and the development of professional English literacy
In many European universities, English is today used as a medium of instruction. One of the reasons is that it is believed that using English as a medium of instruction (EMI) can develop students’ subject-specific knowledge of English. This knowledge is seen as an asset in the workplace and often presented as providing a competitive advantage supporting professional success. The design of many edu