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We study the temporal aspects of laser-assisted extreme ultraviolet (XUV) photoionization using attosecond pulses of harmonic radiation. The aim of this paper is to establish the general form of the phase of the relevant transition amplitudes and to make the connection with the time-delays that have been recently measured in experiments. We find that the overall phase contains two distinct types o
Objectives. To study mortality rates among men and women with atrial fibrillation (AF) and concomitant chronic heart failure (CHF) prescribed different classes of cardiovascular drugs in primary health care. Design. A cohort of men (n = 1159) and women (n = 1155) aged 45 years or above and diagnosed with both AF and CHF from patient records from 75 primary care centers in Sweden were included in t
Background: Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is commonly used to screen different types of genetic variation in humans and model species. Here, we performed aCGH using an oligonucleotide gene-expression array for a non-model species, the intertidal snail Littorina saxatilis. First, we tested what types of genetic variation can be detected by this method using direct re-sequencing and
During the last couple of years leaf-edge-cuts, typical of Otiorhynchus, a genus of wingless weevils, have been discovered on ornamental shrubs, especially on lilac (Syringa vulgaris) and privet (Ligustrum vulgare). An inventory was made in gardens in west Scania 2009. The results show that we in Sweden have a new species of wingless-weevil, Dodecastichus inflatus (former known as Otiorhynchus inf
Time synchronisation is crucial for distributed systems, and particularly for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), where each node is executing concurrent operations to achieve a real-time objective. However, synchronisation is quite difficult to achieve in WSNs, due to the unpredictable deployment conditions and to physical effects like thermal stress, that cause drifts in the local node clocks. As a
Background and purpose Most studies on high tibial osteotomies (HTOs) have been hospital-based and have included a limited number of patients. We evaluated the use and outcome-expressed as rate of revision to knee arthroplasty-of HTO performed in Sweden with 9 million inhabitants, 1998-2007. Patients and methods 3, 161 HTO procedures on patients 30 years or older (69% men) who were operated on for
Neutral Pb clusters in the size range from a few tens of atoms up to similar to 100 atoms are studied using synchrotron-based photoelectron spectroscopy. The electronic structure is seen to differ increasingly from that of the solid when the cluster size decreases. The valence band narrows gradually - down to about one fifth of the solid-state band width at the smallest size of few tens of atoms.
Exotic animal and plant species introduced into the Australian continent often imparted catastrophic effects on the indigenous fauna and flora. Proponents of biological control introduced the South American Cane Toad (Bufo marinus) into the sugar cane fields of Queensland in 1935. The Cane Toad is one of the most toxic bufonids, and when seized by naive Australian predators, the toxin usually kill
Lead, cadmium and mercury are toxic elements capable of causing temporary or permanent damage to human organs and tissues. An adequate control of these elements necessitates measurements in humans, on samples from man and the environment. This applies to both occupationally exposed subjects and to members of the general public including patients. The present paper will review the in vivo x-ray flu
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) represent a recent stage in open education. In more and more institutions they are moving from an early entrepreneurial stage into the reality. The rapidly rising participation levels, high visibility and a growing community worldwide prompt a number of important questions. The MOOC Quality Project, an initiative of the European Foundation for Quality in E-Learn
Background: This paper discusses whether baseline demographic, socio-economic, health variables, length of follow-up and method of contacting the participants predict non-response to the invitation for a second assessment of lifestyle factors and body weight in the European multi-center EPIC-PANACEA study. Methods: Over 500.000 participants from several centers in ten European countries recruited
Background: Engineering microorganisms to improve metabolite flux requires detailed knowledge of the concentrations and flux rates of metabolites and metabolic intermediates in vivo. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer sensors represent a promising technology for measuring metabolite levels and corresponding rate changes in live cells. These sensors have been applied successfully in mammalian a
We propose a distributed optimization algorithm for mixed L_1/L_2-norm optimization based on accelerated gradient methods using dual decomposition. The algorithm achieves convergence rate O(1/k^2), where k is the iteration number, which significantly improves the convergence rates of existing duality-based distributed optimization algorithms that achieve O(1/k). The performance of the developed al
Objectives: Increasing knowledge is required for a better comprehension of the etiology of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). The aim of this study was to highlight the modulations in vascular cell phenotypes, including myofibroblasts (MFs), in human TAA specimens compared to healthy aortas. Methods: histology, RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis of a panel of molecules, including EDA Fibronectin
Low temperature calorimetry (LTC) can be used to study the mesa-porosity of cement based materials. The influence of frost damage on the mesa-porosity determination by LTC was explored on a model material MCM-41 and two cement pastes by conducting repeated cycles of freezing and melting measurements. The results indicate that the pressure generated during freezing and melting measurements has litt
