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This paper examines the aftermath of the 1897 Riksbank Act in Swedish banking. The Act placed banks with unlimited and limited liability upon equal footing, removing the note issuing privileges of the former. We consider whether changes in risk preferences occurred subsequent to the Act, or whether extended liability was a sufficient deterrent. We conclude that when legal differences were removed,

Abstract Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte imbalance. It is associated with increased morbidity and in-hospital mortality. An effective early management is dependent on knowledge of epidemiology in the current population, accurate assessment of patient volume status and efficient diagnostic investigation. I) Prevalence of hyponatremia was investigated in an unselected population presenti

Objective: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte imbalance. The initial treatment decision is based on clinical evaluation of patient volume status but an accurate assessment is difficult, particularly differentiating mild hypovolemia from euvolemia. The aim of this study is to examine if biomarkers are valuable in the early determination of volume status and SIADH diagnosis. Methods: Blood

Hyponatremia is a severe electrolyte disturbance associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. It often poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Accurate assessment of patient fluid-volume status is central to effective management. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the Cheetah NICOM bioreactance system and apelin in early differentiation between hypo- and euvolemia i

Fires in road tunnels constitute complex scenarios with interactions between the fire, tunnel users and safety measures. More and more methodologies for risk analysis quantify the consequences of these scenarios with complex models. Examples for complex models are the computational fluid dynamics model Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) and the microscopic evacuation model FDS+Evac. However, the high c

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with high-resolution image recording devices have found recent application in performing inspection and surveillance of buildings, bridges, wind parks and other civil infrastructure systems. With the concept of equipping a UAV with NDE equipment, possibilities are created for new research areas in the field of structural health monitoring, where a limited n

Decision and Value of Information analyses can be highly computational demanding due to the exponential growth of the decision tree in dependency of the state and decision variables. Due to the advancement of computational methods in the last decades, decision problems with moderate complexity maybe solved by a software tool whereas highly complex analyses require tailored approaches, algorithms a

Mandatory vaccination interferes with personal integrity but may be necessary to safeguard public health. However, states must consider all relevant factors in context and ensure such policies do not place disproportionate burdens on those hesitant about vaccination.

Social entrepreneurship is often depicted as the solution to the various problems we have in society today. In the mainstream literature, it tends to be presented as a site of empowerment, inclusion, morality and compassion. However, while much attention has been granted the ‘entrepreneurship’ part of the term, we know less about the ‘social’ in social entrepreneurship. The meaning of the ‘social’

The essay follows the theoretical framework of the fantastic as settled by TzvetanTodorov and aims at identifying the place of the Romanian novella within this classification. For the fantastic as strangeness the essay identifies within the novella: the hesitation of the reader between the reality and the imaginary, the events as a result of one’s imagination due to madness or to dream; the hesita

Spectral analysis encompasses several powerful signal processing methods. The papers in this thesis present methods for finding good spectral representations, and methods both for stationary and non-stationary signals are considered. Stationary methods can be used for real-time evaluation, analysing shorter segments of an incoming signal, while non-stationary methods can be used to analyse the ins