The complex pseudodielectric function of Ge and Si from femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopic ellipsometry with 267, 400, and 800 nm pump-pulse wavelengths is analyzed by fitting analytical lineshapes to the second derivatives of the pseudodielectric function with respect to energy. This yields the critical point parameters (threshold energy, lifetime broadening, amplitude, and excitonic phase angl

Chronic inflammation is an HIV infection feature, contributing to elevated risk of cardiovascular disease among people with HIV, which can be induced by viral replication. A proportion of antiretroviral therapy (ART) recipients fail to achieve viral suppression, despite not meeting criteria for treatment failure, so-called low-level viremia (LLV). We investigated the relationship between LLV and a

The article discusses the language of border externalisation processes by examining the knowledge that stands as the basis of the EU–Turkey deal and reports on its implementation, placing them in the context of the transformation of the EU border regime. It is the result of a study addressing the language and key concepts that organise border externalisation and its geographic and biopolitical epi

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive disease, with variable clinical course and heterogenous molecular characteristics. In this thesis, which is based upon six original papers, we aimed to understand MCL deregulations, both at intrinsic and extrinsic levels, to identify companion biomarkers that would allow patient stratification. With the aim to bridge the gap between research and clinical

In response to the so-called migration crisis, the European Commission has promoted the creation of a European Emergency Trust Fund for Africa (EUTF) to address the root causes of migration through cooperation with third countries. Through such a tool, development is mainly used to ensure the control of migration routes, exacerbating pre-existing conflictual dynamics and contributing to serious hu

Long life requires individuals to defend themselves against pathogens over prolonged periods of time whilst minimising damage to themselves. In vertebrates, pathogen defence is provided by two integrated systems, innate and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is relatively nonspecific, resulting in collateral damage to hosts, and does not involve canonical immunological memory. In contrast, adaptiv

Therapy is the often-used treatment for cancer patients, even those that undergo resection surgery. While milestones have been surpassed throughout the decades for a number of cancer types, there are those that comprise of characteristics limiting effectiveness of treatments. For these, such as some breast and pancreatic cancers, other pursuits must be explored to identify avenues for beneficial t

Environmental exposure of people plays an important role in assessing the quality of human life. The most existing methods that estimate the environmental exposure either focus on the individual level or do not consider human mobility. This paper adopts a vector field generated from the observed locations of human activities to model the environmental exposure at the population level. An improved

Insects are well known for their ability to keep track of their heading direction based on a combination of skylight cues and visual landmarks. This allows them to navigate back to their nest, disperse throughout unfamiliar environments, as well as migrate over large distances between their breeding and non-breeding habitats. The monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus), for instance, is known for its

Heatwaves are increasingly common globally and are known to have detrimental impacts on animal morphology and behaviour. These impacts can be severe, especially if heatwaves occur during development, even on animals that can regulate the temperature of their developing young. The onset and duration of heatwaves are stochastic and therefore may affect all or only part of development. In the heterot

We study experimentally work fluctuations in a Szilard engine that extracts work from information encoded as the occupancy of an electron level in a semiconductor quantum dot. We show that as the average work extracted per bit of information increases toward the Landauer limit Formula Presented, the work fluctuations decrease in accordance with the work fluctuation-dissipation relation. We compare

This paper concerns the controller design for the hot rolling mill at the Danish Steel Works Ltd. The design is done using derived dynamical multivariable models. The main objective of the design is to separate the two sides of the rolling mill. This is obtained by first linearizing the positioning system using feedback linearization and then using eigenspace design on the linearized multivariable

The paper discusses modeling and analysis of real-time systems subject to random time delays in the communication network. A new method for analysis of existing schemes is presented. The method is used to evaluate different suggested schemes from the literature. A new scheme for handling the random time delays is then developed and successfully compared with previous schems. The new scheme is

This paper gives an overview of different techniques for solving the dual control problem. The optimal solution can quite straightforwardly be characterized. The solution is, however, numerically demanding. A large number of suboptimal dual controllers have been developed over the years and the paper gives an overview and discussion of different approaches.

BACKGROUND: Cancer elicits a complex adaptive response in an organism. Limited information is available for the body-wide effects induced by cancer. Here, we evaluated multiorgan changes in mouse models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and its precursor lesions (pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, PanIN) to decipher changes that occur during PDAC development.METHODS: RNA-sequencing was

Skalan Tydliga mål (TM) i Course Evaluation Questionnaire (CEQ, en kursutvärderingsenkät som ges vid Lunds Tekniska Högskola), mäter hur väl lärarna kommunicerar kursens lärandemål och vad de förväntar sig att studenterna ska prestera för att uppfylla lärandemålen. Projektbaserade kurser har en form av examination – pro- jektet – som inte är vanlig för studenterna och där tydlighe

Addressing the housing needs of the displaced communities is an essential part of a recovery programme that has distinct links to livelihoods, health, education, security and social and family stability. The housing factor acts as a social centre for family and friends, a source of pride and cultural identity and a resource that commands both political and economic importance. Therefore, addressin

In this paper extrema1 control of a simple nonlinear stochastic system is analyzed. The process is modeled as a generalized Hammerstein model. Different problem formulations are discussed and the performances of the resulting nonlinear adaptive controllers are investigated. The adaptive controllers are based on on-line estimation of the parameters of the process and the certainty equivalence princ

This paper gives examples of industrial adaptive controllers and of true industrial applications of adaptive control. Adaptive control algorithms are found in single-loop controllers as well as in distributed control systems. The applications are from a wide range of industries, from process control to engine control in cars.