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Since the health care expenditure share of the GNP (gross national product) is a measure difficult to interpret, its use can yield erroneous results in comparing health care sector development in different countries. A complementary measure of health care resources is the size and structure of the health care labour force. Information from Sweden, Denmark, the United Kingdom and the USA shows that
Extending the possibilities for health-service consumers to choose among providers has been an important objective on the political agenda in Sweden and elsewhere. Little is known, however, about individual and group preferences concerning the demand for choices. It is often implicitly assumed that individuals can be treated as a group with similar values and demands, but is this true? To what ext
Vi möter våld i någon form dagligen, om inte som ”offer” eller ”förövare”, så när vi läser tidningen, tittar på tv eller går på bio. Med våld upprätthålls stater, grupphierarkier och individuella maktpositioner. Första upplagan av Våldets kön utkom 2015 men de utmaningar som våldet innebär för samhället har inte minskat sedan dess. I denna reviderade och utökade upplaga uppmärksammas ”nya” former
Software engineering research aims to help improve real-world practice. With the adoption of empirical software engineering research methods, the understanding of real-world needs and validation of solution proposals have evolved. However, the philosophical perspective on what constitutes theoretical knowledge and research contributions in software engineering is less discussed in the community. I
Many factors are involved in urban heat island development such as lack of urban green spaces, improper choice of building materials, air pollution, densification, and other human activities. The aim of this research was to quantify the effects of land use/land cover (LU/LC) changes on urban land surface temperature (LST) during a 25-year period (1993-2018) for the semiarid Shiraz City in southern
To provide a valid consent to – or refusal of – medical intervention, a patient must be legally capable to decide. This dissertation evaluates and compares when the assessment of mental abilities to refuse – or consent to – somatic medical intervention is required in England, Russia and Sweden, and what criteria must be applied to assess the ability to decide about somatic medical interventions in
OBJECTIVE: There is sparse evidence for the association of suitable food substitutions for red and processed meat on the risk of type 2 diabetes. We modeled the association between replacing red and processed meat with other protein sources and the risk of type 2 diabetes and estimated its population impact.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Inte
Background: More women in reproductive ages are entering occupations where exposure to whole body vibrations (WBV) is common (e.g. in transportation and construction). Previous studies based on self-assessed exposure suggest increased risks of adverse birth outcomes, but it is unclear at what exposure levels and if the current exposure guidelines are appropriate during pregnancy. Objectives: To in
Membrane processes are essential for the success of lignocellulosic biorefineries, but membrane fouling is still a major problem and the single most important reason for the relatively slow acceptance of membrane technology in this industrial application. It is therefore of the utmost importance to find methods that enable the study of the fouling development when processing new types of feed solu
