Sum rules for the antenna input impedance and admittance are introduced. These identities relate the radiation resistance and conductance integrated over all frequencies with the low-frequency capacitance and inductance. They are valid for lossless antennas and particularly useful for small antennas that utilise their first resonance. Numerical results for various antennas are used to illustrate t

A time-independent plasticity model using only one yield surface and capable of predicting cyclic loading is presented. Memory points are defined to monitor the loading history; these memory points have the property that they can be created as well as disappear during the load history. The generalized plastic modulus is defined from these memory points in such a way that it will be continuous and

This thesis concerns the experimental study of mixing and flow characteristic in turbulent circular impinging jets without and with jet orifice manipulators (i.e. passive-fixed perturbations atthe nozzle exit), without and with swirl. The goal of the studies is to understand the basic mechanisms that control the mixing processes in turbulent impinging jets. The applications of such mixing processe

Consumer goods can be delivered in a number of different ways. One important and very interesting method is the use of e-commerce to deliver the groceries to the consumer. Distribution of consumer goods, especially groceries, poses a number of challenges to the use of e-commerce. Challenges that must be solved in order to find a justified solution. This paper will present and discuss a new researc

Among several forces contributing to early twentieth-century modernization of labor management was increased state involvement in the economy. In this essay, I consider the first known case of severance pay in Sweden: compensation to redundant workers associated with the 1915 nationalization of the tobacco industry. The tobacco monopoly, obliged to make severance payments during the first five yea

Theory for Distributed Model Predictive Control (DMPC) is developed based on dual decomposition of the convex optimization problem that is solved in each time sample. The process to be controlled is an interconnection of several subsystems, where each subsystem corresponds to a node in a graph. We present a stopping criterion for the DMPC scheme that can be locally verified by each node and that g

Popular Abstract in English Popular science Microbial cells are small and difficult to handle in industrial processes, especially if they are to be reused subsequent batches. In order to make them easier to handle, these cells can be attached to a solid support, by so-called immobilization. This provides particles of sizes that are easy to filter and reuse. However, immobilization is associated wiAbstract Due to the finite nature of fossil resources and their environmental impact, such as greenhouse gases and climate change, the bio-based production of chemicals, materials and fuels is the subject of extensive research in industrial biotechnology. Biotransformation and fermentation are considered to be mild, “green” processes that make use of effective and reliable biocatalysts to provide

The presentation gives examples of industrial adaptive controllers and of industrial applications of adaptive control. Adaptive control algorithms are found in single-loop controllers as well as in distributed control systems. Several commercial systems are available today. The given applications are mainly from the process control area. Adaptive control has many good aspects, but it also requires

In November 2009 a Swedish twitterer died in a car accident. Even though @Just_Tea wasn’t a celebrity, condolences and displays of public mourning stacked up from her followers and the Swedish blogosphere. However, there was also disapproving voices, criticizing the public displays of grief of someone whom few had met and even fewer could call friend. The criticism and the subsequent discussions o

This paper seeks to investigate how tourism marketing projects are used in order to promote cooperation within developing cross-border regions in Northern Europe.