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Popular Abstract in Swedish Under livets gång utsätts vi för en mängd exponeringar som påverkar vår hälsa. I denna avhandling har vi försökt förstå hur olika exponeringar påverkar risken för celiaki (glutenintolerans) hos barn. Vi har utnyttjat information i nationella register och använt epidemiologiska metoder. Med ett socialepidemiologiskt tankesätt lyfter vi blicken från individen till att äveCeliac disease is a chronic gastrointestinal disease affecting approximately 1% of the population. It is precipitated in genetically predisposed individuals by ingestion of food containing gluten or similar proteins that are present in wheat, rye and barley. The disease might present with symtoms such as malnutrition, diarrhea or abdominal bloating, but a large proportion of those afflicted by the

The aims of this work were to evaluate objective and subjective signs of autonomic dysfunction (AD) in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and to evaluate its clinical associations. In study I, 46 pSS patients and 56/80/238 autonomic nervous function test (ANT) controls participated. Objective signs of AD were evaluated using three different cardiovascular ANTs and exocrine function in

This article addresses the understanding of Islam of nine young adult Muslims living in the Malmo and Copenhagen region. 1 Throughout the interviews with the young adults, they mark their distance from what they perceive as unacceptable forms of Islamic ideas and practices, labeling these ideas as extremist and inconsistent. They develop discursive techniques of distancing themselves from the medi

For the first time, we report experimentally and theoretically that nitroaromatic compounds, 2,4-dinitrobenzenethiol and 4-chloro-2-nitrobenzenethiol, on silver sols can be selectively reduced to 2-amino-4-nitrobenzenethiol and 2-amino-4-chlorobenzenethiol simply by irradiating with a visible light in ambient conditions, and the selective photoreduction is a very facile process. The results of qua

There is still controversy as to how body mass index (BMI) affects male reproduction. We investigated how BMI is associated with semen quality and reproductive hormones in 166 men, including 38 severely obese men. Standard semen analysis and sperm DNA integrity analysis were performed, and blood samples were analysed for reproductive hormones. Adjusted for age and time of abstinence, BMI was negat

Popular Abstract in SwedishI avhandlingen undersöks adoptionsberättelser i en svensk kontext. Syftet är tvåfaldigt: För det första, hur adoption beskrivs av vuxna adopterade, för det andra, hur adoption konstrueras i dagspress. Adopterades sätt att skapa mening kring att ”vara adopterad” är i fokus, så är även dessa personliga berättelsers samspel med kulturellt gångbara diskurser på adoptionsområThis dissertation explores adoption stories in a Swedish context. The aim is two-fold: First, how adoption is presented by adopted adults; second, how adoption is constructed in the press. The way adoptees create meaning of “being adopted” is investigated; the way those stories are shaped culturally is also explored. The study was conducted in a qualitative tradition with a constructionist and nar

Near-haploid chromosome numbers have been found in less than 1% of cytogenetically reported tumors, but seem to be more common in certain neoplasms including the malignant cartilage-producing tumor chondrosarcoma. By a literature survey of published karyotypes from chondrosarcomas we could confirm that loss of chromosomes resulting in hyperhaploid-hypodiploid cells is common and that these cells m

Objective To investigate the genetic control of chronic arthritis and collagen epitope specific antibody responses in an experimental model for rheumatoid arthritis. Methods The chronic collagen induced arthritis (CCIA) model was used, induced with collagen type II (CII) in mineral oil lacking mycobacterium in BALB/c (n=24), B10.Q (n=44), (BALB/c x B10.Q) F1 (n=85) and B10.Q x (BALB/c x B10.Q) N2

Refined mineral oil, intended for various technical applications, was enriched with carotenoids by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction using the oil itself as cosolvent. It was envisioned that the carotenoids could function as renewable oil additives, adding chemical functionality to the end product such as enhanced resistance to oxidation. In order to investigate such possible antioxidant act

Background: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine, which is rapidly upregulated in the brain after injury. TNF-alpha acts by binding to its receptors, TNF-R1 (p55) and TNF-R2 (p75), on the cell surface. The aim of this study was first to investigate if there is altered expression of TNF-alpha and TNF-alpha receptors in cerebral artery walls following g

Fruit and vegetable intake (FVI) may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the epidemiological evidence is inconclusive. The aim of this study is to examine the prospective association of FVI with T2D and conduct an updated meta-analysis. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-InterAct (EPIC-InterAct) prospective case-cohort study nested within eight European countries, a re

Plasminogen-activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 is an important inhibitor of the plasminogen/plasmin system. PAI-1 levels are influenced by the 4G/5G polymorphism in the PAI-1 promoter. We investigated the relationship between the PAI-1 polymorphism and VTE recurrence, and its possible modification by factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin (PTM) mutations. Patients (n=1,069) from the Malmö Thrombophilia St

In 1967, the first reported filovirus hemorrhagic fever outbreak took place in Germany and the former Yugoslavia. The causative agent that was identified during this outbreak, Marburg virus, is one of the most deadly human pathogens. This article provides a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge about Marburg virus disease ranging from ecology to pathogenesis and molecular biology.

Computing smoothing distributions, the distributions of one or more states conditional on past, present, and future observations is a recurring problem when operating on general hidden Markov models. The aim of this paper is to provide a foundation of particle-based approximation of such distributions and to analyze, in a common unifying framework, different schemes producing such approximations.

Christer Karlegärds personliga skildring av Sverige under andra världskriget, postumt utgiven och redigerad av Ulf Zander.

A well-founded decision needs to take into account as much information from a sample as possible. In gamma spectrometry, the number of photons and their energy are the two quantities readily accessible to the physicist and both should be used in order to increase the power of a statistical test. While the problem of counts of pulses has been much studied the problem of spectral distribution of pul