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BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex disorder that is affected by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Extensive efforts have been made to identify the disease-affecting genes to better understand the disease pathogenesis, find new targets for clinical therapy, and allow prediction of disease. CONTENT: Our knowledge about the genes involved in disease pathogenesis has increased su
MicroRNAs are central players in the control of insulin secretion, but their transcriptional regulation is poorly understood. Our aim was to investigate cAMP-mediated transcriptional regulation of the miR-212/miR-132 cluster and involvement of further upstream proteins in insulin secreting β-cells. cAMP induced by forskolin+IBMX or GLP-1 caused increased expression of miR-212/miR-132, and elevated
AIM: Mortality after curative surgery for rectal cancer is increased if surgery is not performed within a week of completed short course radiotherapy. A link to the suppression of leucocytes after neoadjuvant radiotherapy has been suggested. This study investigates the effects of radiotherapy on peripheral leucocyte counts, complications and survival. METHOD: Patient data variables from a retrospe
OBJECTIVE:: To describe the characteristics of patients undergoing multiple groin hernia repairs and to identify strategies that prevent further recurrence. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA:: Although relatively infrequent, recurrent groin hernias where several repairs have previously been undertaken constitutes a major problem in hernia surgery. Low numbers and heterogeneity have made it difficult to perf
Rationale:The innate immune system and in particular the pattern-recognition receptors Toll-like receptors have recently been linked to atherosclerosis. Consequently, inhibition of various signaling molecules downstream of the Toll-like receptors has been tested as a strategy to prevent progression of atherosclerosis. Receptor-interacting protein 2 (Rip2) is a serine/threonine kinase that is invol
In both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and multiple sclerosis (MS), combinations of environmental and genetic factors are likely to increase the vulnerability to acquire disease. This study was undertaken to investigate any possible comorbidity of COPD and MS, thus indicating common inflammatory vulnerability. Individuals with a diagnosis of COPD (including chronic bronchitis and emp
Islet autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes results in the loss of the pancreatic β-cells. The consequences of insulin deficiency in the portal vein for liver fat are poorly understood. Under normal conditions, the portal vein provides 75% of the liver blood supply. Recent studies suggest that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may be more common in type 1 diabetes than previously thought, and ma
Context: Both leukocyte telomere length and IGF-I are associated with the aging process. A previous in vitro study suggested that IGF-I may modulate telomerase activity in white blood cells, but little is known whether these two systems interact in vivo. Patients and Methods: Leukocyte telomere length was determined using a quantitative PCR assay in 2744 elderly men (mean age 75.5 yr, range 69-81
Fermentation of dietary fibers by colonic microbiota generates short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), e.g., propionic acid and butyric acid, which have been described to have "anti-obesity properties" by ameliorating fasting glycaemia, body weight and insulin tolerance in animal models. In the present study, we therefore investigate if propionic acid and butyric acid have effects on lipolysis, de novo l
This study investigated if copeptin is affected by high salt intake and whether any salt-induced changes in copeptin are related to the degree of salt sensitivity. The study was performed on 20 men and 19 women. In addition to meals containing 50 mmol NaCl daily, capsules containing 100 mmol NaCl and corresponding placebo capsules were administered during 4 weeks each, in random order. Measurement
Studien analyserade självrapporterade problem och symptom på psykisk ohälsa genom Youth Self-Report (YSR) i en grupp bestående av 23 flickor och 15 pojkar som nyligen hade blivit inskrivna på särskilda ungdomshem, drivna av Statens institutionsstyrelse (SiS). Studien visade som förväntat att både flickor och pojkar skattade högt på skalan totala problem samt på skalan externaliserade problem, signThis study analysed self-reported problems and symptoms of impaired mental health using the Youth Self-Report (YSR), in a group of 23 girls and 15 boys who were recently admitted to special residential homes run by The National Board of Institutional Care (Statens institutionsstyrelse, SiS). SiS delivers individually tailored compulsary care to young people by order of social services in all the m
Academic libraries provide support to researchers, but this group is diverse and the particular situation of doctoral students is often overlooked or seen as uniform. To inform the development of such research support, to meet the needs of all doctoral students, it is of utmost importance to grasp the diversity within the group. The purpose of this study was thus to map this research field and sys
Social media usage is undeniably popular, which has escalated the amount of content existing online, resulting in a state of content overload. The overload of content has made it harder for organisations to reach out with their message, and it is therefore more important than ever to prioritize efforts to develop trustworthy relationships with consumers, and thereby aspire brand credibility. The i
The purpose of our study was to explore unit managers of nursing homes perspective of the different forms of accommodations for elderly couples and their discretion in the work with elderly couples’ requests. We used a qualitative method in this study and performed semi-structured interviews with six different unit managers of nursing homes that operate in three different townships in Skåne, Swede
During the Gorkha Earthquake in 2015 and its aftershocks, many schools have been damaged or collapsed in Nepal. Reconstruction of schools is still in progress. The lack of funding, resources, engineering skills, knowledge and accessibility makes it difficult for a lot of schools to reopen. My aim with this thesis project is to contribute to the resiliency of Nepal by proposing a design for a speci
