The Swedish Mongol Mission (SMM) was an ecumenical union active mostly among Mongols in Outer and Inner Mongolia between 1897 and 1945. SMM were to establish five stations at the borders of the Gobi Desert from 1908 to 1944. The stations were Hallong Osso, Goltjaggan, Dojen, Hatt in Sum, situated in Inner Mongolia and Urga (in present Ulan Bator) situated in Outer Mongolia. In 1950 the activities

Abstract in UndeterminedEconomic development that includes investments in infrastructure and buildings requires energy intensive basic materials such as steel and cement. The production capacity of these industries is also growing most rapidly in developing countries [WEC, 1995 #41]. Energy intensive industries typically account for a relatively small share of the value-added in industry but a rel

The purpose of this study is to dissect the process of ideological orientation in the public debate of postwar Sweden. Crucial to the study is the idea of a generic totalitarianism; a concept used both on a scholarly and a political level, focusing on the similarities between communism and Nazism, and the diverging guiding potential of this totalitarianism idea in different times and situations.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vid internationell handel med varor utgår olika skatter och avgifter; dessutom kan varorna vara föremål för import- och exportbegränsningar. Genom frihandelsavtal kan dock bestämmas att vissa varor får importeras och exporteras tullfritt. De bestämmelser som således gäller för olika varor sammanfattas för skilda varuslag i tulltaxan. Varuklassificeringen har därför storIn international commerce, various taxes and charges are levied on commodities; besides, goods may be subject to import and export restrictions. However, free-trade agreements may stipulate that some goods can be imported and exported free of charge. The regulations pertaining to different types of merchandise are reflected in the customs tariff of a state or customs union. The application of many

Mechanisms of Prosecuting Environmental Crimes - The Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law Skip to content Search for: Search Button Home About Us Who We Are Our History About Raoul Wallenberg Our Theory of Change Staff Vacancies Annual Review Whistleblower Our work What we do Multi-Disciplinary Research Higher Education Strategic Advice and Analysis Outreach Evaluation o

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RWI Archives - The Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law Skip to content Search for: Search Button Home About Us Who We Are Our History About Raoul Wallenberg Our Theory of Change Staff Vacancies Annual Review Whistleblower Our work What we do Multi-Disciplinary Research Higher Education Strategic Advice and Analysis Outreach Evaluation of Programme Work Methods Focus Are

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Agricultural ecosystems are important for regulating terrestrial hydrological and carbon cycles. Hydrological and carbon processes in agricultural ecosystem models are complex due to interactions between parameters. It is therefore crucial to identify parameter sensitivity before a process-based model is applied for simulations and predictions of water, energy and carbon fluxes in agricultural ec

Sponge city construction can improve cities’ ability to adapt to the environment change and the ability to cope with floods, and it can also prompt cities’ development to be more healthy and sustainable. However, the process itself of sponge city construction may also has impact on the environment especially in built-up areas, to reduce the impact, the rainwater landscape design needs to integrate

Vegetation growth in Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a crucial process for quantifying ecohydrological modelling, as it influences evapotranspiration, interception, soil erosion and biomass production. The simplified version of Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) in SWAT was originally designed for temperate regions and naturally based on temperature to simulate growth cycles

Our understanding and quantification of global soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and the underlying processes remain largely uncertain. Here, we assessed the effects of multiple anthropogenic and natural factors, including nitrogen fertilizer (N) application, atmospheric N deposition, manure N application, land cover change, climate change, and rising atmospheric CO2 concentration, on global soil

The eighteenth century saw the slow but steady rise of the middling classes to their nineteenth century social and cultural prominence, reinforced by a changing political landscape and the steadily increasing importance of the market. As the social and cultural power of the city burghers making up the majority of the middling classes grew, so did they start to consume in a manner to reflect to the

The end-Ordovician extinction consisted of two discrete pulses, both linked, in various ways, to glaciation at the South Pole. The first phase, starting just below the Normalograptus extraordinarius Zone, particularly affected nektonic and planktonic species, while the second pulse, associated with the Normalograptus persculptus Zone, was less selective. Glacially induced cooling and oxygenation a

This thesis examines silence in modernist fiction, explaining how it forms a central aspect of realism in the modernist novel. It is based on close readings of the form and function of silence in the works of Dorothy Richardson, James Joyce, and Virginia Woolf. The study proposes that silence as part of a text’s soundscape and silence as part of its mode of literary expression are related in moder

Klorparaffiner är ämnen bestående av klorerade kolvätekedjor och kan indelas i tre grupper: korta, mellan och långa ämnesgrupper. Denna rapport syftar till att sammanställa tillgänglig kunskap om klorparaffiner i helhet med inriktning på föroreningens förekomst och dess implikation på grundvatten. Samtliga ämnesgrupper har använts flitigt sedan 1930-talet inom metallbearbetning och plasttillverkniChlorinated paraffins are substances composed of chlorinated hydrocarbon chains and can be categorized into three groups: short, medium, and long chain compounds. This report aims to compile the available knowledge on chlorinated paraffins as a whole, with focus on the occurrence of these pollutants and their implications for groundwater. All groups of chlorinated paraffins have been extensively u

Soil bulk density (BD) is a parameter dependent on soil texture, compositions of soil minerals and organic matter and the extent of soil compaction. Seasonal freeze/thaw in arid areas with shallow groundwater tables (AASGT) may significantly change BD and hence soil hydrothermal properties and water holding capacity. Therefore, quantifying soil bulk density changes (BDC) under freeze/thaw conditio

Climate warming has changed vegetation phenology, and the phenology-associated impacts on terrestrial water fluxes remain largely unquantified. The impacts are linked to plant adjustments and responses to climate change and can be different in different hydroclimatic regions. Based on remote sensing data and observed river runoff of hydrological station from six river basins across a hydroclimatic

An improved understanding of past interactions between terrestrial vegetation and various forcings, such as climate change, human impact, and paleofire, is crucial for assessing impacts of future global change on terrestrial ecosystems. This study seeks to find the key factor or factors that have driven Holocene vegetation change along the East Asian monsoon margin. Several high-resolution pollen

Unstructured citizen-science data are increasingly used for analysing the abundance and distribution of species. Here we test the usefulness of such data to predict the seasonal distribution of migratory songbirds, and to analyse patterns of migratory connectivity. We used bird occurrence data from eBird, one of the largest global citizen science databases, to predict the year-round distribution o