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Evaluation of 3D printed contrast detail phantoms for mammography quality assurance

Objects created by 3D printers are increasingly used in various medical applications. Today, affordable 3D printers, using Fused Deposition Modeling are widely available. In this project, a commercially available 3D printer was used to replicate a conventional radiographic contrast detail phantom. Printing materials were selected by comparing their x-ray attenuation properties. Two replicas were p

Kidney outcomes in early adolescence following perinatal asphyxia and hypothermia-treated hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains common among infants with hypothermia-treated hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). Little is known about long-term kidney outcomes following hypothermia treatment. We recently reported that 21% of survivors of hypothermia-treated HIE had decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on plasma creatinine in early adolescence. Here, we a

Coastal aeolian sediment transport in an active bed surface layer : Tracer study and conceptual model

Coastal aeolian sediment transport is influenced by supply-limiting factors caused by sediment sorting by grain size. Sorting processes can lead to coarsening of the bed surface and influence the formation of aeolian ripples. However, the influence sorting processes and bedforms might have on the magnitude of the transport is not fully understood. This study explores sorting processes and their in

The impact of myocardial fibrosis biomarkers in a heart failure population with atrial fibrillation—The HARVEST-Malmö study

Background: Several studies suggest that circulating biomarkers of myocardial fibrosis are associated with worse prognosis in subjects with atrial fibrillation (AF). Here, we aimed to explore associations between fibrosis biomarkers, prevalent AF, and left atrial volume (LAV) enlargement in subjects with heart failure (HF). Additionally, we evaluated the prognostic impact of fibrotic biomarkers in

Solving Exact Cover Instances with Molecular-Motor-Powered Network-Based Biocomputation

Information processing by traditional, serial electronic processors consumes an ever-increasing part of the global electricity supply. An alternative, highly energy efficient, parallel computing paradigm is network-based biocomputation (NBC). In NBC a given combinatorial problem is encoded into a nanofabricated, modular network. Parallel exploration of the network by a very large number of indepen

REM-Predominant Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in adults with coronary artery disease (CAD). OSA that occurs predominantly during rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep has been identified as a specific phenotype (REM-predominant OSA) in sleep clinic cohorts. We aimed to examine the association of REM-predominant OSA with excessive sleepiness, functional outcomes, mood, and quality of life in a CAD cohort, of wh

A Structured Optimal Controller for Irrigation Networks

In this paper, we apply an optimal Linear Quadratic (LQ) controller, which has an inherent structure that allows for a distributed implementation, to an irrigation network. The network consists of a water reservoir and connected water canals. The goal is to keep the levels close to the set-points when farmers take out water. The LQ controller is designed using a first-order approximation of the ca

Insulin secretion and action with increasing age - A comparison between Middle Eastern immigrants and native Swedes

Aims: Little is known how insulin secretion and action change over time in populations of different ethnicities. We studied changes in insulin secretion and action with increasing age in Iraqi-born immigrants and native Swedes, and investigated if the changes were modified by region of origin.Methods: Residents of Malmö, 30-75 years of age born in Iraq or Sweden, were invited to participate in thi

Effects of injection angle and injector mode variation on the fluidization performance of a powder-fueled ramjet

Fluidization is a major problem in the supply system of a powder-fueled ramjet. The performance of fluidization mainly depends on the injection way of fluidizing gas. This paper has investigated the effects of variation of the injection angles and injector modes on the performance of fluidization, using the Euler-Lagrange approach for gas-particle flow. The injection angle varies among 30°, 45°, 6

The challenge of recruiting multimorbid older patients identified in a hospital database to a randomised controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Research involving multimorbid older patients is gaining momentum. However, little is known about how to plan a randomised controlled trial (RCT) involving this group of patients. An evidence-based approach to the challenges of a recruitment process could guide researchers and help prevent underpowered trials.AIM: To define the number of multimorbid older patients that need to be ident

Introduction : Rigour and relevance in European entrepreneurship research

This introduction provides an overview and commentary on the main chapters in the book. The book presents contemporary examples of European research that embrace both rigour and relevance. In doing so, the book demonstrates that both rigour and relevance is alive in entrepreneurship research. Many of the following chapters address agendas that are influenced by pragmatic questions as much as theor

Germline Mutations in CIDEB and Protection against Liver Disease

BACKGROUND Exome sequencing in hundreds of thousands of persons may enable the identification of rare protein-coding genetic variants associated with protection from human diseases like liver cirrhosis, providing a strategy for the discovery of new therapeutic targets. METHODS We performed a multistage exome sequencing and genetic association analysis to identify genes in which rare protein-coding

Diet-wide association study of 92 foods and nutrients and lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study and the Netherlands Cohort Study

It is unclear whether diet, and in particular certain foods or nutrients, are associated with lung cancer risk. We assessed associations of 92 dietary factors with lung cancer risk in 327 790 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) per SD higher intake/day of each

Analyses of plasma inflammatory proteins reveal biomarkers predictive of subsequent development of giant cell arteritis : a prospective study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation between biomarkers of inflammation and subsequent development of giant cell arteritis (GCA).METHOD: Participants in the population-based Malmö Diet Cancer Study (MDCS; N = 30447), established 1991-1996, who were subsequently diagnosed with GCA, were identified in a structured process. GCA-free controls, matched for sex, year of birth, and year of screening we

Behavioural insights for sustainable energy use

Behavioural insights are increasingly shaping the design, implementation and evaluation of energy policies. This Special Issue aims to broaden and strengthen the evidence base, and policy value of behavioural insights in the context of sustainable energy use. It showcases a plethora of behavioural issues that can help to improve our understanding of the decision-making ‘black box’ of energy users

Subtype and cell type specific expression of lncRNAs provide insight into breast cancer

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in breast cancer pathogenesis through chromatin remodeling, transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation. We report robust associations between lncRNA expression and breast cancer clinicopathological features in two population-based cohorts: SCAN-B and TCGA. Using co-expression analysis of lncRNAs with protein coding genes, we discovered thre