The paper shows how a synthetic gradient of a quadratic cost functioncan be used to monitor performance. The method requires a model of theclosed loop system. In the current paper this is obtained from therecommended tuning rule. The tuning rule requires a simple model of theprocess.The method is non-invasive, only closed loopdata from normal operation is used. By monitoring the gradient, informat

Abstract not available

Starch is a common ingredient in many products, influencing properties such as viscosity, stability, sensory properties and appearance. These properties and how they change with time in the process called retrogradation are dependent on the structure of starch and its interaction with other components such as lipids and proteins. Lipids, which are present in many starches and products, play an imp

Popular Abstract in Swedish Njurens funktion är avgörande för att reglera extracellulärvätskans volym och sammansättning. Varje människonjure består av ca en miljon nefron, vilka utgör den minsta funktionella enheten. Via den afferenta arteriolen når blodet ett kapillärnät i nefronet. På grund av ett högt tryck i kapillärnätet filtreras vätska ut och samlas upp i en rund struktur, Bowman´s kapsel,Studies were performed to investigate the influence of the vasoconstrictors angiotensin II (AII) and norepinephrine (NE) on calcium metabolism in smooth muscle cells of afferent arterioles. Fura-2 and image analysis techniques were used to evaluate calcium responses in the proximal and distal parts of afferent arterioles with attached glomeruli. AII and NE increase intracellular calcium concentrat

It has been a long-standing issue in the humanities as to whether history exists in sheer antitheoretical realm or is congenial to study in theoretical way. Recent studies on military history and national security have nevertheless set to an ideational journey bound for substantiate their empirical findings under the framework of “strategic culture”. This article provides a critique on selected li

This paper presents a pilot study on the prosodic marking of a contrastive topic in Southern Swedish. A test sentence was elicited in three experimental conditions: initial focus; final focus; contrastive topic (initial word) plus focus (final word). F0 patterns were analysed in recordings of 10 speakers. A majority of the speakers distinguished clearly between the conditions, but speakers employe

An exploratory study on the prosodic signaling of ‘confirmation’ in Swedish is presented. Pairs of subjects read short dialogs, constructed around selected target words, in a conversational style. A falling utterance intonation was found on the target word, and the signaling of word prosody (lexical pitch accent) appeared to be, to a certain degree, optional.

The increasing test data volume needed for the testing of System-on-Chips (SOCs) leads to high Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) memory requirement and long test application times. Scheduling techniques where testing can be terminated as soon as a fault appears (abort-on-fail) as well as efficient compression schemes to reduce the ATE memory requirement have been proposed separately. Previous test da

Abstract is not available

A novel technique, involving U-model based IMC (Internal Model Control), is proposed for the adaptive control of nonlinear dynamic plants. The proposed scheme combines the robustness of the IMC and the ability of Neural Networks to identify arbitrary nonlinear functions, with the control-oriented nature of the U-model to achieve adaptive tracking of stable nonlinear plants. The proposed structure

In the discipline of archaeology death has always been a common subject. Graves and dead bodies in different states of decay are important sources of information. This dissertation investigates how our relation to death can be mirrored through some of the better-known individuals from prehistory in Scandinavia. Because of the character of the question at issue I start with three chapters in which