The trigeminal ganglion plays a key role in primary headache pathophysiology. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and CGRP receptors are expressed in trigeminal neurons that form C-fibers and A-fibers, respectively. In acute migraine and cluster headache attacks, there is release of CGRP into the cranial venous outflow. In addition, intravenous CGRP can induce migraine-like symptoms in migraine

Water transport across cell membranes can be measured non-invasively with diffusion NMR. We present a method to quantify the intracellular lifetime of water in cell suspensions with short transverse relaxation times, T2, and also circumvent the confounding effect of different T2 values in the intra- and extracellular compartments. Filter exchange spectroscopy (FEXSY) is specifically sensitive to e

Educational homogamy has been increasing for a long time in the Western world but there has been much more research on describing and explaining this trend than actually looking at its consequences. Economic theory predicts that educational heterogamy is related to division of labor in accordance with comparative advantages in household and market production, but there has been few tests of this h

Estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in adults by using the average of values obtained by a cystatin C- (eGFRcystatin C) and a creatinine-based (eGFRcreatinine) equation shows at least the same diagnostic performance as GFR estimates obtained by equations using only one of these analytes or by complex equations using both analytes. Comparison of eGFRcystatin C and eGFRcreatinine plays a piv

This study investigates how accessing user-generated content in online user innovation communities (OUICs) may influence employee creativity. By analyzing a longitudinal dataset obtained from the IdeaExchange community of Salesforce.com, we find that employees who frequently access diverse and well-codified idea content contributed by external product users are likely to generate more ideas than t

A surprisingly dominant contribution of slow electrons is observed following NIR strong-field ionization of clusters. This is consistent with highly efficient intra-Rydberg correlated electronic decay processes, from which the emission of low-energy electrons is expected.

Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1R) has been shown to be up-regulated in the adenocarcinomas of colorectal cancer patients, which is associated with a poor prognosis. In a spontaneous model of colon cancer, CysLT1R disruption was associated with a reduced tumor burden in double-mutant female mice (ApcMin/+/Cysltr1-/-) compared to ApcMin/+ littermates. In the current study, we utilized a gen

In this article, we experimentally demonstrate a way of controlling the group velocity of an optical pulse by using a combination of spectral hole burning, the slow-light effect, and the linear Stark effect in a rare-earth-ion-doped crystal. The group velocity can be changed continuously by a factor of 20 without significant pulse distortion or absorption of the pulse energy. With a similar techni

Background: Cutaneous melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer, with an increasing incidence and mortality rate. Currently, staging of patients with primary melanoma is performed using histological biomarkers such as tumor thickness and ulceration. As disruption of the epigenomic landscape is recognized as a widespread feature inherent in tumor development and progression, we aimed to identify novel

Background/purpose: The objective of this study was to explore the impact of systemic lupuserythematosus and belimumab given in addition to standard of care therapy on 13-valentconjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) response. Methods: Forty-seven systemic lupuserythematosus patients and 21 healthy controls were immunized with a single dose of13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine. Forty system

Included in SAGE Research Methods Cases Part 2.

To understand what is required to improve prosthetic and orthotic provision and services for persons with disabilities in low-income countries, it is of interest to investigate their well-being in terms of quality of life, access to mobility, education, health, rehabilitation, work and employment and their experiences of attitudes in the society. Data was collected using WHOQOL questionnaires meas

Background: During rectal cancer surgery the bowel may contain viable, exfoliated cancer cells, a potential source for local recurrence (LR). The amount and viability of these cells can be reduced using intraoperative rectal washout, a procedure that reduces the LR risk after anterior resection. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of washout on oncological outcome when performed in Har