Aims: Although diet is one of the main modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular disease, few studies have investigated the association between added sugar intake and cardiovascular disease risk. This study aims to investigate the associations between intake of total added sugar, different sugar-sweetened foods and beverages, and the risks of stroke, coronary events, atrial fibrillation and aortic

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(9;22)(q34;q11), also known as AML with BCR-ABL1, is a rare, provisional entity in the WHO 2016 classification and is considered a high-risk disease according to the European LeukemiaNet 2017 risk stratification. We here present a retrospective, population-based study of this disease entity from the Swedish Acute Leukemia Registry. By strict clinical inclusion cr

Om Nathan Bedford Forrest.

This paper principally concerns the fundamental issue in Japanese trademark legislation, namely that of confusion (kondô). After briefly passing over the development of trademark law in Japan, the paper presents the key articles in the Trademark Law that deal with the issue in hand. Thereafter the paper presents a number of cases heard by the Intellectual Property High Court, and provides cursory

Das Ziel des Beitrages ist es, einen Überblick über den Stand der Studien zum japanischen Recht in Europa (im weiteren Sinn) zu geben. Der Artikel ist in acht Länderberichte aufgeteilt, die jeweils von einem Experten des japani­schen Rechts aus dem betreffenden Land verfasst wurden. Analysiert wird die aktuelle Situation in Italien, Frankreich, Israel, Skandinavien, Spanien, den Niederlanden, Belg

Leadership is a popular term, among scholars and in general. It is romanticized and seems to cover everything and nothing. Its analytical value has therefore been questioned, and so has the very existence of leadership as a phenomenon. Here, based on the social psychology of GH Mead, I argue that leadership is a fundamental human phenomenon emanating from docility. By exploring this through the le

Introduction: Understanding how hematopoietic stem- and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are regulated is of central importance for the development of new therapies for blood disorders and for regenerative medicine. Traditionally, however, HSPC regulation has been studied in model systems, and little is known about the situation in vivo in humans. Methods: To learn how HSPCs are regulated under native con

An intronic variant in ANKRD55, rs6859219, is a genetic risk factor for multiple sclerosis, but the biological reasons underlying this association are unknown. We characterized the expression of ANKRD55 in human PBMCs and cell lines. Three ANKRD55 transcript variants (Ensembl isoforms 001, 005, and 007) could be detected in PBMCs and CD4(+) T cells but were virtually absent in CD8(+), CD14(+), CD1

BACKGROUND: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near SOCS1 are associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), but the most important SNPs in the area and mechanisms by which they influence the disease are unknown.METHODS: A haplotype-tagging association study was performed covering 60.5kbp around SOCS1, and the index SNP was validated in a total of 2292 individuals. mRNA expression of SOCS1 and nearb

A recent genome-wide association study reported five loci for which there was strong, but sub-genome-wide significant evidence for association with multiple sclerosis risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of these potential risk loci in a large and independent data set of ≈ 20,000 subjects. We tested five single nucleotide polymorphisms rs228614 (MANBA), rs630923 (CXCR5), rs2744148

BACKGROUND: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs429358 (ε4) and rs7412 (ε2), both invoking changes in the amino-acid sequence of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, have previously been tested for association with multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. However, none of these studies was sufficiently powered to detect modest effect sizes at acceptable type-I error rates. As both SNPs are only imperfectly

Recently, we reported an association between a SNP in IL28RA and MS. Here, we performed a fine-mapping of the IL28RA locus by genotyping 10 haplotype-tagging SNPs in a Basque-Spanish population. In addition, based on shared genetic risk loci between autoimmune diseases, a psoriasis-associated SNP located at this locus, rs4649203, was genotyped in four independent populations, comprising a total of

Multiple sclerosis (MS) shares some risk genes with other disorders hallmarked by an autoimmune pathogenesis, most notably IL2RA and CLEC16A. We analyzed 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nine risk genes, which recently emerged from a series of non-MS genome-wide association studies (GWAS), in a Spanish cohort comprising 2895 MS patients and 2942 controls. We identified two SNPs associa

The IL22RA2 locus is associated with risk for multiple sclerosis (MS) but causative variants are yet to be determined. In a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) screen of this locus in a Basque population, rs28385692, a rare coding variant substituting Leu for Pro at position 16 emerged significantly (p = 0.02). This variant is located in the signal peptide (SP) shared by the three secreted protei

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are blood cancers that are characterized by the excessive production of mature myeloid cells and arise from the acquisition of somatic driver mutations in haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Epidemiological studies indicate a substantial heritable component of MPNs that is among the highest known for cancers1. However, only a limited number of genetic risk loci ha