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Long-term life-history responses to climate change in the willow warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus)

Birds, and especially long-distance migrants, are excellent indicators of climate-induced phenological change. Advanced spring arrival is a typical response reported in a great number of species. Earlier arrival can lead to e.g. earlier egg-laying and thus have potentially great fitness consequences. Studies have suggested that certain aspects of avian life-history can predict a likely response to

Living with males : benefits and costs to females of resident males in Colobus vellerosus

Only in primates is permanent male-female association the most widespread social structure of all. The continuous presence of resident males in the social group can have significant impacts on female fitness, both in forms of costs and benefits. In this study I investigate particular short-term benefits and costs of resident males to females in a population of ursine colobus (Colobus vellerosus).

Changes in Vocal Emotion Recognition Across the Life Span

The ability to recognize emotions undergoes major developmental changes from infancy to adolescence, peaking in early adulthood, and declining with aging. A life span approach to emotion recognition is lacking in the auditory domain, and it remains unclear how the speaker’s and listener’s ages interact in the context of decoding vocal emotions. Here, we examined age-related differences in vocal em

Nationwide prevalence of primary dystonia, progressive ataxia and hereditary spastic paraplegia

Objective: To determine the nationwide prevalence of primary dystonia, ataxia and hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) in Sweden. Methods: We extracted data on all patients who were registered in The National Patient Register (NPR) in Sweden (population 9.64 million) at least twice during five consecutive years with a diagnosis of primary dystonia, ataxia or HSP. We excluded patients with an additi

Interplay between amphiphilic peptides and nanoparticles for selective membrane destabilization and antimicrobial effects

As a result of an increasing number of bacteria developing resistance against antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are attracting significant interest, particularly in relation to identification of peptides displaying potent but selective effects. Much less focus has been placed on delivery systems for AMPs, despite AMPs suffering from delivery challenges related to their size, cationicity,

Higher CSF Tau Levels Are Related to Hippocampal Hyperactivity and Object Mnemonic Discrimination in Older Adults

Mnemonic discrimination, the ability to distinguish similar events in memory, relies on subregions in the human medial temporal lobes (MTLs). Tau pathology is frequently found within the MTL of older adults and therefore likely to affect mnemonic discrimination, even in healthy older individuals. The MTL subregions that are known to be affected early by tau pathology, the perirhinal-transentorhina

Dissolved organic carbon leaching flux in a mixed agriculture and forest watershed in Rwanda

Study region: Rukarara River Watershed (RRW), Rwanda. Study focus: DOC leaching has important environmental consequences for both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. This paper measures leached dissolved organic carbon (LDOC) and the factors controlling its variation in the RRW, a mixed agriculture and forest watershed in Rwanda. The study describes the relationship of LDOC with land use/land cove

Need for structured healthcare organization and support for return to work after stroke in Sweden : Experiences of stroke survivors

OBJECTIVE: To explore stroke survivors' experiences of healthcare-related facilitators and barriers concerning return to work after stroke. DESIGN: A qualitative study. SETTING: Outpatient stroke rehabilitation unit at a University Hospital in southern Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: A convenient sample of 20 persons admitted to Skåne University Hospital for acute stroke care (median age 52 years), in emplo

Preventing dementia by preventing stroke : The Berlin Manifesto

The incidence of stroke and dementia are diverging across the world, rising for those in low-and middle-income countries and falling in those in high-income countries. This suggests that whatever factors cause these trends are potentially modifiable. At the population level, neurological disorders as a group account for the largest proportion of disability-adjusted life years globally (10%). Among

Immigrant enclaves and risk of drug involvement among asylum-seeking immigrants in Sweden : A quasi-experimental study

Background: Sweden is a major host nation for asylum-seeking immigrants, and residential placement of these immigrants is an important policy concern. This quasi-experimental study estimated of the impact of being placed into an “immigrant enclave” on risk of officially-recognized drug involvement (ORDI) among asylum-seeking immigrants over a 15-year period. Methods: All data come from Swedish reg

Hydration status affects thirst and salt preference but not energy intake or postprandial ghrelin in healthy adults : A randomised crossover trial

Background: Few studies have investigated the effect of hydration status on appetite for food in healthy adults. Prior work suggests hydration status does not alter appetite or energy intake, with mixed findings regarding appetite hormone secretion. However, an extensive investigation into both the psychological and physiological appetitive responses to hydration status has never been conducted. O

Niraparib Maintenance Therapy in Patients With Recurrent Ovarian Cancer After a Partial Response to the Last Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in the ENGOT-OV16/NOVA Trial

PURPOSE: In the ENGOT-OV16/NOVA trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01847274), maintenance therapy with niraparib, a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, prolonged progression-free survival in patients with platinum-sensitive, recurrent ovarian cancer who had a response to their last platinum-based chemotherapy. The objective of the study was to assess the clinical benefit and patient-repor

Comparison of Familial Clustering of Anogenital and Skin Cancers Between In Situ and Invasive Types

Literature on familial risk of carcinomas in situ (CISs) is limited because many cancer registries do not collect information on CIS. In Sweden CISs are collected, and we used these data to analyze familial relative risks (RRs) for concordant (CIS-CIS) types of anogenital (cervical, other female and male genital and anal) and skin squamous cell CIS; additionally RRs were assessed between CIS types

Structural insights into AQP2 targeting to multivesicular bodies

Vasopressin-dependent trafficking of AQP2 in the renal collecting duct is crucial for the regulation of water homeostasis. This process involves the targeting of AQP2 to the apical membrane during dehydration as well as its removal when hydration levels have been restored. The latter involves AQP2 endocytosis and sorting into multivesicular bodies (MVB), from where it may be recycled, degraded in