Flowing water impacts bridges over rivers primarily in two ways: (1) hydrodynamic forces that directly impact the structure and (2) scouring at piers and abutments, including contraction scour. The design prin-ciples for bridges in Sweden, including both impacting forces and local scour, are relatively simplistic. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of extreme river flows on bridges

The well-known green color of plants is due to the chlorophyll molecules used for light harvestingduring photosynthesis, which takes place in chloroplasts. Biosynthesis of chlorophyll a is performed by15 enzymatic steps and chlorophyll a can be interconverted to chlorophyll b via the chlorophyll cycle.Barley is a valuable model organism for studying chloroplast development and chlorophyll biosynth

Idag transporteras stora mängder gods runt om i världen med lastbilar och fartyg, vilket förväntas fortsätta även i framtiden då det är avgörande för samhällets funktion. Det vanligaste framdrivningssystemet för dessa fordon är kompressionständningsmotorn, även känd som dieselmotorn, som då vanligtvis drivs av fossilt dieselbränsle. Detta resulterar i betydande utsläpp som måste minskas, för att uIn today's world, the transportation of goods via trucks and ships plays a pivotal role, and this trend is expected to persist in the foreseeable future, owing to its critical importance to society. However, the most common propulsion system for these vehicles, the compression ignition (CI) engine, commonly known as the diesel engine, relies heavily on fossil diesel fuel, resulting in significant

This paper analyses the conditions and factors influencing non-university researchers' career transitions back into academia. Using affiliation data in publications of German researchers, their cross-sector career transitions from the public research organisation Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft and industry to universities are analysed. Although the rate of transitions is small, there are distinctive wind

Nos últimos anos, houve uma repressão contra defensores do meio ambiente em Uganda. Jornalistas, estudantes, agricultores e moradores da zona rural defendem o ambiente natural, protestando e mobilizando-se contra o tratamento injusto e a migração forçada causada por infraestruturas de combustíveis fósseis, agronegócio, energia hidrelétrica ou compensação de carbono. Essa situação colocou as autori

Purpose: Currently, foresight studies have been adapted to incorporate new techniques based on big data and machine learning (BDML), which has led to new approaches and conceptual changes regarding uncertainty and how to prospect future. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of BDML on foresight practice and on conceptual changes in uncertainty.Design/methodology/approach: The method

As humanity faces multiple mutually-reinforcing social-ecological crises, rhetoric on transformations abounds. However, transformations are normative, politically-contested processes that risk perpetuating, or even exacerbating, the ecological and socio-economic crises of today. We argue that transformations should seek to enhance human and non-human well-being within the planetary boundaries; a g

Ämnet nationalekonomi omfattar många områden.Här ska jag lägga fokus på ett av dessa, nämligen makroekonomi. Makroekonomen studerar och förklarar fenomen som konjunktursvängningar, tillväxt, arbetslöshet, ränta, växelkurser, löner och inflation. Makroteorin ligger till grund för förslag om hur samhällsekonomin kan styras genom stabiliseringspolitik. Denna består traditionellt av två grenar: finansÄmnet nationalekonomi omfattar många områden.Här ska jag lägga fokus på ett av dessa, nämligen makroekonomi. Makroekonomen studerar och förklarar fenomen som konjunktursvängningar, tillväxt, arbetslöshet, ränta, växelkurser, löner och inflation. Makroteorin ligger till grund för förslag om hur samhällsekonomin kan styras genom stabiliseringspolitik. Denna består traditionellt av två grenar: finans

The Brazilian Cerrado is the major national epicenter for agricultural production and a main contributor to the Brazilian economy. Thus, the biome faces increasing pressure from agricultural expansion that alters local and regional hydrological processes (infiltration, runoff, evapotranspiration, soil loss). There is a lack of understanding how these processes will respond to climate change. Conse

The mediatization concept rests on the increasing centrality of media in everyday spheres. Within academia, mediatization is explored in various ways, such as through the use of social media, news media, and researchers' adoption of certain media logic(s). While many studies focus on media logic(s) as an explanatory device, it can also be seen as a contextual relationship between actors enacted fo

Interest in the ocean has increased over the past decades. This includes interest in the relationship between capitalism and the ocean. Philip Steinberg and others have argued that capitalism dematerializes the sea and produces it as empty space. Against this dematerialization many scholars have insisted on the materiality of the sea, and on how capitalism in practice makes use of and changes the

This doctoral thesis presents the work the practical verification of a cooling concept involving direct air cooling of hollow windings for electric machines. The focus is on rotor windings for electrically excited synchronous machines for traction of electric vehicles. The work describes the cooling concept and compares it with the most common cooling concepts used today. The design of a experimen

Automated sorption balances are widely used for characterizing the interaction of water vapor with hygroscopic materials. These instruments provide an efficient way to collect sorption isotherm data and kinetic data. A typical method for defining equilibrium after a step change in relative humidity (RH) is using a particular threshold value for the rate of change in mass with time. Recent studies

Datasets are growing in size and complexity, especially with respect to the number of features of the problems that we study, which now often number in the millions. This has lead to a surge in interest for sparse regression models, which help make sense of these datasets by modeling them efficiently whilst still retaining a notion of explainability. Because these datasets are so large, however, t

Background: Diabetes in pregnancy is associated with increased risk of long-term metabolic disease in the offspring, potentially mediated by in utero epigenetic variation. Previously, we identified multiple differentially methylated single CpG sites in offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but whether stretches of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) can also be identifi

The relationship of ozone (O3), particularly the long-term exposure, with impacting metabolic homeostasis in population was understudied and under-recognised. Here, we used data from ChinaHEART, a nationwide, population-based cohort study, combined with O3 and PM2.5 concentration data with high spatiotemporal resolution, to explore the independent association of exposure to O3 with the prevalence