The highly specific relationships between parallel fiber (PF) and climbing fiber (CF) receptive fields in Purkinje cells and interneurons suggest that normal PF receptive fields are established by CF-specific plasticity. To test this idea, we used PF stimulation that was either paired or unpaired with CF activity. Conspicuously, unpaired PF stimulation that induced long-lasting, very large increas

Several authors have reported promising results with vacuum-assisted closure therapy in poststernotomy mediastinitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the hemodynamic outcome following the application of six negative pressures on an open sternotomy wound. Six 70-kg pigs underwent median sternotomy followed by vacuum-assisted closure therapy. Six negative pressures (-50, -75, -100, -125, -1

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. Several toxin-induced animals models simulate the motor deficits occurring in PD. Among them, the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) model is frequently used in rats and has the advantage of presenting side-biased motor impairments. However, the behavioral consequences of a unilateral 6-OHDA-lesion have, so far, not

Despite the variations of length and type of hair (vellus or terminal), the growth of human hair in all body sites is cyclic. Phases of active hair growth, or anagen, are separated by periods of quiescence, or telogen. The duration of both phases varies greatly depending on the body site. Whether hairs are in anagen/telogen at the time of hair removal is important because only anagen hairs are par

We report a clear correspondence between changes in the Curie temperature and carrier density upon annealing in epitaxially grown (Ga,Mn)As layers with thicknesses in the range between 5 and 20 nm. The changes are dependent on the layer thickness, indicating that the (Ga,Mn)As-GaAs interface has importance for the physical properties of the (Ga,Mn)As layer. The magnetoresistance shows additional f

The influence of amylopectin (Ap) (in the form of high amylopectin potato starch, HAPP) on the rheological properties of its mixtures with amylose (Am) has been studied in small-deformation oscillatory rheometry during relatively long times (6 h). The absence of HAPP granule remnants in the samples has been considered important; therefore HAPP, Am, and HAPP-Am mixtures have been prepared at 140deg

Simulations of a cumulonimbus cloud observed in the Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers-Florida Area Cirrus Experiment (CRYSTAL-FACE) with an advanced version of the Explicit Microphysics Model (EMM) are presented. The EMM has size-resolved aerosols and predicts the time evolution of sizes, bulk densities and axial ratios of ice particles. Observations by multiple aircraft i

We examined the relation between the islet NO system and islet hormone secretion induced by either the non-glucose nutrient alpha-ketoisocaproic acid (KIC) or, in some experiments, glucose. KIC dose dependently stimulated insulin but inhibited glucagon secretion. In a medium devoid of any nutrient, the NO synthase (NOS)-inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) induced an increase in b

The present studies examined the effects of oral treatment with cyclosporin A, betamethasone or azelastine administered over the time of sensitization with trimellitic anhydride on allergen-induced airway responses, compared to those of control animals given corn oil alone. Drugs were given for 8 days. The animals were sensitized with trimellitic anhydride (0.1 ml of 0.3% w/v) in corn oil given in

The lifetime of the b (1)Pi(u)(v=1) state in N-14(2) has been determined experimentally using a laser-based pump-probe scheme and an exceptionally long lifetime of 2.61 ns was found. Semiempirical close-coupling calculations of the radiative lifetime, which include Rydberg-valence interactions in the singlet manifold, are consistent with this large value, giving a value of 3.61 ns and suggesting a

All the support tools that developers are used to must be in place, if the use of model-centric development in companies hits to take off. Industry deals with big models and many people working on the same model. Collaboration in a team inevitably leads to parallel work creating different versions that eventually will have to be merged together. However, our experience is that at present the suppo

The atmospheric deposition of PCB within the catchment areas of an oligotrophic lake and an eutrophic lake in southern Sweden resulted in a flow of about 1 mg PCB.m(-2).year(-1) to the lakes. The sedimentation of the pollutants in the lakes (measured by sediment traps) was 110 and 52 mg PCB.m(-2).year(-1) for the oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes, respectively. The concentration of pollutants in pl

Abstract. Deliberate self-harm was studied in 14-year-old adolescents from four schools in southern Sweden with a test–retest design, using a nine-item version of the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory. At Time 1, 40.2% of the adolescents indicated deliberate self-harm on at least one occasion compared with 36.5% at Time 2. Test–retest data showed high stability over periods of up to 2 months in durat

The luminescence polarization properties of GaInP islands have been investigated. The islands, which form during overgrowth of InP quantum dots, were studied using scanning tunneling luminescence (STL) and photoluminescence (PL). STL from these islands shows emission at an energy below the main emission peak of the bulk GaInP. The linear PL polarization anisotropy was measured at low temperature,

This article explores whether the impact of marital status on the risk of preterm birth varies in relation to marital practices in the population, defined by the proportion of out-of-marriage births. Data come from a case–control study of the determinants of preterm birth in 16 European countries (5456 cases and 8234 controls). There is a significantly elevated risk of preterm birth associated wit

Circling behaviour in unilateral 6-OHDA-lesioned rats is interpreted as being opposite in direction to the side of the brain with highest striatal dopaminergic activation. Ipsiversive rotation indicates an action on the intact striatum, while contraversive rotation demonstrates an effect on dopamine receptors in the denervated striatum and is taken as predictive of symptomatic benefit in Parkinson

We have investigated the dissolution of a natural oxide layer on a Nb(110) surface upon heating, combining x-ray reflectivity, grazing incidence diffuse scattering, and core-level spectroscopy. The natural oxide reduces after heating to 145 degrees C partially from Nb2O5 to NbO2, and an enrichment in subsurface interstitial oxygen by similar to 70% in a depth of 100 A is observed. After heating to

Both reduction in tidal volume (VT) and alveolar recruitment may be important to limit ventilator-associated lung injury during mechanical ventilation of patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The aim of this study was to assess the risk of alveolar derecruitment associated with VT reduction from 10 to 6 ml/kg. Whether this VT-related derecruitment could be reversed, either