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Heritability of resting metabolic rate in a wild population of blue tits.

We report the first study with the aim to estimate heritability in a wild population, a nest box breeding population of blue tits. We estimated heritability as well as genetic and phenotypic correlations of resting metabolic rate (RMR), body mass and tarsus length with an animal model based on data from a split cross-fostering experiment with brood size manipulations. RMR and body mass, but not ta

Contributions to the electron affinity of calcium and scandium

Theoretical predictions of the electron affinity of Ca vary from 0 to 130 meV. Not all calculation, have included the same effects. In this paper, the different approaches are reviewed, the effect of assumptions estimated whenever possible, and some new ab initio results reported that estimate the effect of core polarization on electron affinity for both Ca and Sc. For the latter our predicted ele

Non-intrusive optical study of gas and its exchange in human maxillary sinuses - art. no. 662804

We demonstrate a novel non-intrusive technique based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy to investigate human maxillary sinuses in vivo. The technique relies on the fact that free gases have much sharper absorption features (typical a few GHz) than the surrounding tissue. Molecular oxygen was detected at 760 nm. Volunteers have been investigated by injecting near-infrared light fibre-op

Gynecological symptoms and vaginal wet smear findings in women with cervical human papillomavirus infection

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the signs, symptoms and changes in the vaginal milieu that could be associated with cervical human papillomavirus infection (CHPI). STUDY DESIGN: Women (n = 972) attending for contraceptive advice were tested for human papillomavirus in cervical samples. Results of gynecological history, examination, and vaginal wet smear findings were compared between CHPI patients and

A Comparative Study of Gelatinization of Cassava and Potato Starch in an Aqueous Lipid Phase (L2) Compared to Water

The competition for water between an aqueous lipid phase (L2) and gelatinizing starch was investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry and light microscopy, were used to study the gelatinization behaviour of cassava and potato starch in the thermodynamically stable water containing (i.e. 13% w/w water) oil-continuous L2-phase. This was compared to the gelatinization of the two starches in limit

Positive and negative consequences with regard to cancer during adolescence. Experiences two years after diagnosis

Objectives. The purpose was to explore negative and positive consequences of cancer during adolescence experienced two years after diagnosis. Methods. Two years after diagnosis 38 persons, 15-21 years old, were asked two questions over the telephone: What, if anything, is bad for you due to the cancer disease? and What, if anything, is good for you due to the cancer disease? The answers were analy

Prevention of dislocation of the hip in children with cerebral palsy. The first ten years of a population-based prevention programme.

In 1994, a register for cerebral palsy and a health-care programme were started in southern Sweden with the aim of preventing dislocation of the hip in children with cerebral palsy. It involved all children with cerebral palsy born in 1992 or later. None of the 206 affected children born between 1992 and 1997 has developed a dislocation following the introduction of the prevention programme. Anoth

Influence of solvent mixing on the morphology and performance of solar cells based on polyfluorene copolymer/fullerene blends

The influence of the solvent on the morphology and performance of polymer solar cells is investigated ill devices based on blends of the polyfluorene copolymer, poly(2,7-(9,9-dioctyl-fluorene)-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-ben zothiadiazole)), and [6,6]-phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester. The blends are spin-coated from chloroform or from chloroform mixed with small amounts of xylene, to

Mixing in industrial Rushton turbine-agiated rectors under aerated conditions.

A new method of estimating the mixing time in industrial Rushton turbine-agitated reactors under aerated conditions is presented—called the analogy mixing-time model. It is based on the hypothesis of the analogy at the same turbine agitation speed between the mixing time in single liquid phase and that in two gas–liquid phases. This assumption is validated for production tanks equipped with two, t

Resistance to tumour challenge after tumour laser thermotherapy is associated with a cellular immune response.

Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT) of an experimental liver tumour is superior to surgical excision, at least partly due to a laser-induced immunological effect. The aim of the present study was to investigate the time-response relationship of the ILT-induced immunisation and the cellular response of macrophages and lymphocytes. A dimethylhydr

Phytophthora species and oak decline - can a weak competitor cause significant root damage in a nonsterilized acidic forest soil?

Phytophthora species in general, and P. quercina in particular, have been suggested in several studies to be a contributing factor to the problem of oak decline in Europe. Although Phytophthora species are generally regarded as weak competitors, few studies of the pathogenicity of species causing root rot on oaks have hitherto been performed in natural, nonsterilized forest soils. This study descr

Nutrient acquisition from different soil depths by pedunculate oak

Eight oak trees (Quercus robur L.) received P-32 at a soil depth of 50 cm and P-33 at a soil depth of 15 cm at the end of June 2002 through plastic tubes inserted into the mineral soil. The phosphorus uptake from different soil depths was estimated by analysing the concentration of P-32 and P-33 in the foliage of oak growing in a mixed stand in southern Sweden. P-32 and P-33 were recovered in the

Degradation of macromolecules by micro-fungi isolated from different podzolic soil horizons

The abilities of 60 species of soil microfungi to decompose protein, xylan. cellulose. and chitin were tested with an agar diffusion technique. Proteolytic capacity was shown by 51 species; 35 were xylanolytic, 31 were cellulolytic, and 23 were chitinolytic. The importance of the physiological capacities of soil fungi in determining the communities in different soil horizons is discussed.

A longitudinat study of maternal oxygen saturation during short-term submaximal exercise

Purpose: Longitudinal prospective study before, during and after normal pregnancy of the effect of short-term submaximal exercise on maternal oxygen saturation. Methods: Fourteen healthy women were recruited to the study before a planned pregnancy, and were followed seven times during the pregnancy and for up to 6 month after delivery. A submaximal bicycle exercise test with a target heart rate of

Juvenile-hormone-mediated plasticity of aggregation behaviour and olfactory processing in adult desert locusts

In desert locusts Schistocerca gregaria, aggregation behaviour is elicited by aggregation pheromones. In this study, we show that the behavioural response to the major and most potent adult aggregation pheromone component, phenylacetonitrile, is age- and juvenile-hormone-dependent. Furthermore, we show that juvenile hormone influences the responsiveness of olfactory interneurons in the antennal lo

Associations between lipoprotein lipase gene polymorphisms and plasma correlations of lipids, lipoproteins and lipase activities in young myocardial infarction survivors and age-matched healthy individuals from Sweden

Association studies were carried out on a sample of 87 patients from Sweden who had survived a myocardial infarction (MI) at a young age and 93 age-matched healthy individuals, to compare the impact of polymorphisms (PvuII, HindIII and Serine447-Stop) at the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene locus on among-individual differences in plasma lipid traits and progression of atherosclerosis. Significant li

A portable and low-cost fMRI compatible pneumatic system for the investigation of the somatosensensory system in clinical and research environments

There still is a need for devices that allow reproducible stimulation of skin areas of the human body. We constructed a stimulation system and tested it by using brief pneumatic stimulation to the right thumb of nine healthy volunteers. BOLD-signals in response to tactile stimulation with frequencies of 1, 3 and 5 Hz were measured using a 3T MRI scanner. The stimulation device consists of syntheti

Femtosecond charge transfer in assemblies of discotic liquid crystals

The electronic coupling strength within columns of discotic liquid crystals is investigated using core-level Coexisting well-ordered and disordered regions are identified in thin films of tetra-alkoxy-substituted phthalocyanines with the aid of near edge X-ray absorption fine structure and photoelectron spectroscopies. These different regions Lire used to derive a lower limit for the intermolecula