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Heparan sulfate depletion amplifies TNF-alpha-induced protein leakage in an in vitro model of protein-losing enteropathy

Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE), the excessive loss of plasma proteins through the intestine, often correlates with the episodic loss of heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans (HSPG) from the basolateral surface of intestinal epithelial cells. PLE onset is often associated with a proinflammatory state. We investigated whether loss of HS or treatment with the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha directl

Carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome type Ia

Carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndromes (CDG) are inherited multisystem disorders characterized by the abnormal glycosylation of a number of serum glycoproteins. CDG-Ia results from deficiency of phosphomannomutase that catalyzes the conversion of mannose-6-phosphate to mannose-1-phosphate in the cytosol. We report a case of CDG-Ia in an 11-month-old girl with developmental delay, failure to

Dermatan is a better substrate for 4-O-sulfation than chondroitin : implications in the generation of 4-O-sulfated, L-iduronate-rich galactosaminoglycans

The biosynthesis of dermatan sulfate is a complex process that involves, inter alia, formation of L-iduronic acid residues by C5-epimerization of D-glucuronic acid residues already incorporated into the growing polymer. It has been shown previously that this reaction is promoted by the presence of the sulfate donor 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. In the present investigation, the role of su

Biosynthesis of the proteoglycan decorin -- identification of intermediates in galactosaminoglycan assembly

Biosynthesis of decorin was investigated by incubating a rat fibroblast cell line with various radiolabelled protein and galactosaminoglycan precursors. The following cell-associated and distinct intermediates were isolated and identified: a pool of non-glycosylated core protein, two pools of decorin with incomplete chains, one with three sulphated disaccharide repeats and another with five or mor

Relationship between Papillomavirus vaccine, vaginal microbiome, and local cytokine response : an exploratory research

INTRODUCTION: The influence of vaccination on composition of the human microbiome at distinct sites has been recognized as an essential component in the development of new vaccine strategies. The HPV vaccine is widely used to prevent cervical cancer; however, the influence of HPV vaccine on the vaginal microbiota has not been previously investigated. In his study, we performed an initial character

Coherent Multidimensional Spectroscopy: Development of Efficient Data Acquisition and Analyses of Quantum Dot 2D Spectra

Coherent multidimensional spectroscopy (CMDS) is the most complete nonlinear optical technique based on the interaction of multiple short laser pulses with matter. It has grown to play a significant role in studies of optoelectronic materials and pigment protein complexes. In this work we apply CMDS to investigate electronic excitations and their dynamics in semiconductor nanocrystals, so called q

Antibodies against phosphorylcholine in hospitalized versus non‑hospitalized obese subjects

Obesity associates with reduced life expectancy, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease, and is characterized by chronic inflammation. Phosphorylcholine (PC) is an epitope on oxidized low-density lipoprotein, dead cells and some microorganisms. Antibodies against PC (anti-PC) have anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we explored the role of anti-PC in hospitalized versus non-hospi

Exploring the masculinization of innovation practice within a municipality

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to generate an empirically informed theoretical framework which can be used to analyze the relationship between gender and innovation in the context of a municipality. The authors present and analyze three illustrative tales from a feminist perspective. The authors thus offer a more balanced approach to the conceptualization of gendered ascriptions with respec

Inflammatory markers are associated with quality of life, physical activity, and gait speed but not sarcopenia in aged men (40–79 years)

Background: Age-related chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) is one of the proposed mechanisms behind sarcopenia. However, findings regarding inflammatory markers in sarcopenic older adults are conflicting. This study aimed to determine the association between inflammatory markers, prevalent as well as incident sarcopenia, sarcopenia-defining parameters, quality of life (QoL), and physica

Detailed 3D human body reconstruction from multi-view images combining voxel super-resolution and learned implicit representation

The task of reconstructing detailed 3D human body models from images is interesting but challenging in computer vision due to the high freedom of human bodies. This work proposes a coarse-to-fine method to reconstruct detailed 3D human body from multi-view images combining Voxel Super-Resolution (VSR) based on learning the implicit representation. Firstly, the coarse 3D models are estimated by lea

Contributions to multidisciplinary team meetings in cancer care : Predictors of complete case information and comprehensive case discussions

Purpose: Multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings integrate complex information and base recommendations for clinical management on interdisciplinary and multiprofessional deci-sion-making. To support high-quality decision-making and define key performance indica-tors, we aimed to determine completeness of case information and contributions to MDT case discussions in cancer care. Methods: In a prospe

Outcome for sinonasal malignancies : a population-based survey

Purpose: Sinonasal malignancies (SNM) represent a rare and complex group of cancers that includes a wide range of histopathological subtypes. Data from population-based cohorts are scarce but warranted as a basis for randomized controlled treatment trials (RCTs). Our aim was to assess overall and histology subset-specific outcomes for SNM patients treated at a tertiary referral centre. Methods: A

Less hip range of motion is associated with a greater alpha angle in people with longstanding hip and groin pain

Purpose: A higher alpha angle has been proposed to correlate with lower hip range of motion, but the association in people with longstanding hip and groin pain is currently unclear. The aims were to: (1) assess the association between range of motion and alpha angle in patients with longstanding hip and groin pain; (2) examine if a cut-off value in range of motion variables could identify patients

Improving the calculation of evaporating sprays for medium-speed marine-engine-like conditions

In order to reduce maritime transportation's greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions, marine engine manufacturers need to deepen the fundamental understanding of the injection and spray process. Two-dimensional unsteady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations were conducted to investigate evaporating high-pressure marine engine sprays, in which an injector with a nozzle diameter of 0.44 m

Upper Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) graptolite biostratigraphy and correlation of the Krapperup drill core, Scania, Sweden

The Krapperup drill core from Scania (Skåne), southern Sweden, includes one of the most important graptolitic Darriwilian (upper Middle Ordovician) successions of Baltica. Only some intervals have been documented previously and especially the uppermost part of the succession has been completely unknown. A fairly complete succession of mid- to late Darriwilian age provides insight into the early ev

Impediments to and impact of checklists on performance of emergency interventions in primary care : an in situ simulation-based randomized controlled trial

Objective: Medical crises occur rather seldom in the primary care setting, but when they do, initial management impacts on morbidity and mortality. Factors that impede the performance of emergency interventions in primary care have not been studied through in-situ simulation. Checklists reportedly improve crisis management. Design: This randomized controlled trial evaluated emergency intervention

Head-to-Head Comparison of 8 Plasma Amyloid-β 42/40 Assays in Alzheimer Disease

Importance: Blood-based tests for brain amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology are needed for widespread implementation of Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarkers in clinical care and to facilitate patient screening and monitoring of treatment responses in clinical trials. Objective: To compare the performance of plasma Aβ42/40 measured using 8 different Aβ assays when detecting abnormal brain Aβ status in patients w

Crypsis in the pelagic realm : evidence from exceptionally preserved fossil fish larvae from the Eocene Stolleklint Clay of Denmark

Marine deposits of earliest Eocene age in northern Jutland, Denmark, are renowned for yielding diverse teleost assemblages that have proved central for enhancing our understanding of the early evolution of many extant actinopterygian clades. In this study, we investigate diminutive larval fish fossils from the Stolleklint Clay, Ølst Formation, that retain multiple soft-tissue features preserved as

Carbon–nitrogen relations of ectomycorrhizal mycelium across a natural nitrogen supply gradient in boreal forest

The supply of carbon (C) from tree photosynthesis to ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi is known to decrease with increasing plant nitrogen (N) supply, but how this affects fungal nutrition and growth remains to be clarified. We placed mesh-bags with quartz sand, with or without an organic N (15N-, 13C-labeled) source, in the soil along a natural N supply gradient in boreal forest, to measure growth and