The dominant democratization theories look at structural preconditions in order to explain successful transitions. This has resulted in deterministic conclusions about different preconditions for democracy. Benin is a small country in Africa with a history of military coups, ethnical competition and low level of development. Despite these conditions Benin is a one out of ten democracies in Africa.

This bachelor’s thesis attempts to explain the policy process of the tax deduction (jobbskatteavdraget) carried out by the Moderate party in 2007 and thereafter repeated in 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2014. This is done through analyzing three factors, the discourse, ideology and strategy. The thesis attempts to combine agency and structurally based explanations for the tax deduction. Beginning in the pa

This bachelor thesis investigates how the implementation of water resource management promote an institutional design that can create lasting change. It is a case study of the Mara River Basin Initiative in Kenya and Tanzania, where great efforts have been taken to combat water related problems. The national governments have delegated the operational responsibilities to local water users’ groups,

During the last fifteen years the world has developed sufficiently and therefore has changed radically. As a result of globalisation and the technical development new threats and challenges has emerged. As a result of this, the security policy has also changed. In this thesis I have studied Försvarsberedningens reports from 1998 to 2013, with the purpose of describing the change in threats and the

In this thesis I have investigated the reasoning for the development of the Nordic defence cooperation from a Swedish perspective. Since the Cold War Sweden made some really big changes in their defence and security approach. A part in this change is the defence cooperation with the other Nordic countries. I have used two logics of actions, logic of consequences and logic of appropriateness to try

Crimes and violations are constantly committed against human rights all over the world. Whole populations are victims of genocide and ethnic cleansing, while the international society has a commitment and responsibility in their hands to intervene. But what happens when the international society and the United Nations Security Council are unwilling to come to a unanimously decision? This study has

The ongoing civil war in Syria has taken many casualties since the start of the public uprising in 2011. President Bashar al-Assad has responded to the demand for power change by the Syrian population with brutal repression. This has created an inhumane situation where civilians are being targeted. This case study has traced the historical development of Syria from the creation of it to independen

This study focuses on the implementation of the Solvency II directive, a very important policy for the insurance community in the European Union. Results from surveys included in the implementation process show that the process implied certain aspects which cannot be prescribed to the pluralist democracy that usually describes the European policy process. In order to analyze this process the

Abstract This study introduces an explanatory actor-specific model about foreign policy decision-making in hybrid regimes, coordinating democratic elements with autocratic traits. The inner structural, internal conditions, poses opportunities as well as constraints for the leaders capability to pursue foreign policy, affecting foreign policies and actions. Using Advocacy Coalition Framework as a t

Denna uppsats behandlar det kontroversiella missilköldsavtalet mellan USA och Polen. Avtalet slöts av Bushadministrationen den 20 augusti 2008 och revs sedan upp av Barack Obama den 17 september 2009. Avtalet beskrevs av vissa som ett viktigt skydd för Europas säkerhet gentemot missiler, av andra som en offensiv kapprustning av USA och NATO. Studien undersöker de formativa moment som påverkade mis

Through using what Lennart Lundquist terms as "our public ethos" I have come to the conclusion that the Swedish Migration Office's desire to be exempted from the law of public procurement (LOU) can be understood in terms of reference to both economic and democratic values. This thesis also explains the fundamentals of the Weberian rational-legal authority and how it together with New

Battered paperless women are a group in our society whose gender and paperless status makes them doubly vulnerable. UN:s Declaration of Human Rights expresses that all humans have an equal value and claims to be universal. But despite this, studies have shown that these vulnerable group of women do not feel they are getting the help they need from the social service in Sweden and that there is a d

In Skåne three municipalities, Helsingborg, Lund and Malmö are planning to introduce a new mode of transport, light rail. There have been visions for light railway for a quarter of a century, but it is during the last three years that the visions have become plans. Since then the discussion of public transport and light railway has become vivid but in this discussion the complexity of the urban sp

The purpose with the thesis is to critically analyze the Gates Foundation’s understanding of development. The author uses a critical discourse analysis inspired by Norman Fairclough, and the material is collected from the foundation’s website. The theory consists of four parts. First, the linguistic aspects of the material are examined. Second, the discursive practice of the foundation is understo

Agila avtal är ett förhållandevis nytt fenomen och uppmärksammat begrepp. Fenomenet härstammar ursprungligen från ett agilt arbetssätt, som är särskilt utbrett inom IT-branschen. Traditionella avtal är upprättade utifrån förutsättningen att parterna redan vid avtalstillfället vet vad som ska levereras, när och hur. Det uppställs en uttömmande kravspecifikation vid projektets början. I ett agilt Agile contracts are a relatively new phenomenon that has gained increased recognition. This phenomenon originates from an agile approach, which is particularly widespread in the IT industry. Traditional contracts are based on a situation where the parties know what they need before the project starts. The requirements are set out comprehensively at the outset of the project. In an agile contract,

Greece in a period of financial crisis (2008-2013) is questioning the success of its policy implementation. The training centers for the intellectually disabled, as implementers of policies and programs on a national and European level, also question that success. Using Foucault’s concept of power relations within society, it is aimed to find whether policies and programmes for the intellectually

Sufficient access to financial resources is important in sustaining a business especially in the early phases. First years in business development are very critical since owners learn by doing mistakes in order to get a proof of concept of the business idea. Being aware of this fact, external financial institutions try to avoid taking part in highly risky endeavours. Although there are financial o

Many European football clubs have developed a more strategic and business-like thinking within their organizations that has resulted in partly altered business models and views on competition, sustainable competitive advantage and organization. In this thesis we investigate this development with a certain focus on Swedish football industry. The investigation is driven by the question of how Swedis

The purpose of this report is to perform an evaluation of life safety in case of fire at Cirkus in Stockholm. Cirkus is a heritage listed building that offers a lot of different events, such as concerts and conferences. This report is limited to only cover the public areas of the building. No account is taken to either economic losses or environmental impacts in case of fire. The method employed i