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How does breeding system variation modulate sexual antagonism?

The study of sexually antagonistic (SA) traits remains largely limited to dioecious (separate sex), mobile animals. However, the occurrence of sexual conflict is restricted neither by breeding system (the mode of sexual reproduction, e. g. dioecy or hermaphroditism) nor by sessility. Here, we synthesize how variation in breeding system can affect the evolution and expression of intra- and inter-lo

Adaptation and the poor: development, resilience and transition

Risk minimization is no longer a sufficient survival strategy for poor people in livelihood systems increasingly exposed to frequent extreme events. This calls for comprehensive adaptation to climate change. Within the climate change regime, adaptation is as central as mitigation but needs to be much more explicitly addressed at local, national and global levels. There is also a need for policy re

Transposition of the great arteries, pulmonary atresia, and multiple ventricular septal defects associated with multiple cardiac rhabdomyomas in a case of tuberous sclerosis

Multiple cardiac rhabdomyomas are frequently associated with tuberous sclerosis. However, very few cardiac malformations have been described with tuberous sclerosis. We report an unusual case of tuberous sclerosis with cerebral and renal lesions associated with dextrotransposition of the great arteries, pulmonary atresia, patent ductus arteriosus, multiple ventricular septal defects, and parachute

Population-based study of screening test performance indices of three human papillomavirus DNA tests

In order to evaluate three common human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA tests for key performance indices in population-based cervical screening, we sampled 12,527 women aged 3238 years who attended invitational, population-based screening and followed them for 4 years with comprehensive registry linkages. Three different HPV DNA tests (GP5+/6+general primer PCR (using either AmpliTaq or AmpliTaq Gold DN

New general tools for constrained geometry optimizations

A modification of the constrained geometry optimization method by Anglada and Bofill (Anglada, J. M.; Bofill, J. M. J. Comput. Chem. 1997, 18, 992-1003) is designed and implemented. The changes include the choice of projection, quasi-line-search, and the use of a Rational Function optimization approach rather than a reduced-restricted-quasi-Newton-Raphson method in the optimization step. Furthermo

Land use studies in drylands: an evaluation of object-oriented classification of very high resolution panchromatic imagery

Object-oriented classification approaches offer an alternative to per-pixel methods for assessment of land use and land cover. Combining object-oriented approaches with very high resolution imagery may provide enhanced possibilities for applications requiring land use and land cover data. The aim of this study is to evaluate the application of object-oriented classification of panchromatic very hi

Reactions and performance of Swedish peacekeepers in life-threatening situations

This study maps reactions activated in peacekeeping personnel by life-threatening situations and explores how these reactions affect psychological functioning. In-depth interviews were carried out with 30 informants from the Swedish peacekeeping force serving in Bosnia between 1993 and 1995. All participants had experienced shooting incidents or other highly threatening events. Two models were for

Maternal transmission of cytoplasmic DNA in interspecific hybrids of peat mosses, Sphagnum (Bryophyta).

The progeny of spontaneous interspecific hybrid sporophytes of Sphagnum were used to analyse the inheritance of cytoplasmic DNA. The analysis showed that only the female parent donated chloroplasts and mitochondria in Sphagnum hybrids. Thus, this is the first study demonstrating maternal cytoplasmic inheritance in a nonvascular land plant. This finding has important implications for phylogenetic r

Bezafibrate-induced anaphylactic shock: unusual clinical presentation

We report a case of a patient who suffered generalized urticaria, chest tightness, wheezing, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, and loss of consciousness. Two hours earlier she had taken Eulitop Retard following lunch. She had tolerated all the implicated food after the reaction. Allergy evaluation revealed intense positive responses to intradermal tests with bezafibrate active component and Eulitop R

Downregulation of adenosine and P2X receptor-mediated cardiovascular responses in heart failure rats

Neurohormonal changes in congestive heart failure (CHF) include an enhanced peripheral sympathetic nerve activity which results in increased release of noradrenaline, neuropeptide Y and ATP. To examine if such changes in CHF would modulate peripheral pre- and postsynaptic receptors of ATP and its degradation product adenosine, experiments were performed in a rat model of ischaemic CHF. In this mod

N-Terminal tagged lactate dehydrogenase proteins: evaluation of relative hydrophobicity by hydrophobic interaction chromatography and aqueous two-phase system partition

The hydrophobic contributions of 17 individual peptides, fused to the N-terminal of Bacillus stearothermophilus lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were studied by hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) and aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). The constructs were sequenced from a protein library designed with a five-amino acid randomised region in the N-terminal of an LDH protein. The 17 LDH variants an

Leaflet arrest in St Jude Medical and CarboMedics valves: an experimental study

Objective: Two patients who suffered acute failure of their St Jude Medical Masters aortic valve prostheses due to leaflet arrest that were unrelated to suture material are presented. It was hypothesized that the valves failed because force applied to bear upon the valve annulus caused the hinge mechanism to become restricted or to arrest. Methods: A study was designed to measure the force that wo

Contact metamorphism of Palaeozoic shale in southern Sweden: influences on clay mineralogy and implications for railway construction material properties

Abundant shale fragments were observed in dolerite material used for railway construction in western Skane, due to quarrying of Permo-Carboniferous dolerite in contact with Silurian shale (the Colonus Shale) in the Ronnarp Quarry, western Skane. Shale fragments were particularly enriched in the finest fractions of the crushed rock material. We analysed the clay mineralogy of shale from the railway

Pharmacodynamic studies of amoxicillin against Streptococcus pneumoniae: comparison of a new pharmacokinetically enhanced formulation (2000 mg twice daily) with standard dosage regimens

Objectives: To compare the pharmacodynamic effects of a pharmacokinetically enhanced formulation of amoxicillin 2000 mg twice daily, with amoxicillin 875 mg twice daily, 875 mg three times daily and 500 mg three times daily against Streptococcus pneumoniae with different susceptibility to amoxicillin in an in vitro kinetic model. Methods: Strains of S. pneumoniae with amoxicillin MICs of 1, 2, 4 a

Chromosome 5 imbalance mapping in breast tumors from BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and sporadic breast tumors

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis has shown that chromosome 5q deletions are the most frequent aberration in breast tumors from BRCA1 mutation carriers. To map the location of putative 5q tumor suppressor gene(s), 26 microsatellite markers covering chromosome 5 were used in loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis of breast tumors from BRCA1 (n = 42) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (n = 67

MYC-containing double minutes in hematologic malignancies: evidence in favor of the episome model and exclusion of MYC as the target gene

Double minutes (dmin)-circular, extra-chromosomal amplifications of specific acentric DNA fragments-are relatively frequent in malignant disorders, particularly in solid tumors. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), dmin are observed in similar to 1% of the cases. Most of them consist of an amplified segment from chromosome band 8q24, always including the MYC gene. B

Entanglement dynamics in systems of qubits with Markov environments

Entanglement dynamics in representative examples of Markov open quantum systems with qualitatively different dynamics are studied. Rings of qubits with thermal or dephasing local environment are used to study the qualitative properties of the entanglement dynamics depending on the interqubit interaction, type of environment and the initial state. It is demonstrated that the effect of the local env

Ultrahigh vacuum scanning probe investigations of metal induced void formation in SiO2/Si(111))

Using scanning electron microscopy guidance, atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscopy investigations inside openings formed during the decomposition of a thick SiO2 film on a Si(111) surface have been performed. We report, for the first time, the presence of Ni atoms inside self-formed openings. The SiO2 decomposition as a function of annealing temperature and time was studied. By compari