Background: The WHO-recommended tuberculosis screening and diagnostic algorithm in ambulatory people living with HIV is a four-symptom screen (known as the WHO-recommended four symptom screen [W4SS]) followed by a WHO-recommended molecular rapid diagnostic test (eg Xpert MTB/RIF [hereafter referred to as Xpert]) if W4SS is positive. To inform updated WHO guidelines, we aimed to assess the diagnost

Supercritical n-decane is applied in the regenerative cooling system of scramjet engines while scramjets are always in various irregular movements. With the desire to explore heat transfer performance of supercritical n-decane under actual flight conditions, numerical simulations and analysis of different states during the accelerated flight process are carried out under three different heat fluxe

The article deals with the genre consolidated government accounts of state-owned enterprises in Finland and Sweden. More specifically, the study is focused on the subgenre the foreword of the responsible minister, which we label Statement from the Minister in analogy with Statement from the CEO in the related genre corporate annual reports. The primary data consist of Statement from the Minister iThe article deals with the genre consolidated government accounts of state-owned enter-prises in Finland and Sweden. More specifically, the study is focused on the subgenre the foreword of the responsible minister, which we label Statement from the Minister in anal-ogy with Statement from the CEO in the related genre corporate annual reports. The pri-mary data consist of Statement from the Ministe

The general outline of the long-term history of cereal cultivation in southern Sweden is relatively well known from published compilations of archaeobotanical data (Hjelmqvist 1955; Engelmark 1992; Gustafsson 1998; Viklund 1998; Grabowski 2011). These compilations show emmer (Triticum dicoccum) and naked barley (Hordeum vulgare var. nudum) as the principal crops of the Neolithic and the Early Bron

Drug use disorders (DUD) are associated with psychiatric illness and increased risks of suicide. We examined health care utilization prior to suicide in adults with DUD, which may reveal opportunities to prevent suicide in this high-risk population. A national cohort study was conducted of all 6,947,191 adults in Sweden, including 166,682 (2.4%) with DUD, who were followed up for suicide during 20

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IntroductionPost-operative infections obtained from open-wound surgeries constitute an unnecessary load on both healthcare and affected patients. It is well established that increased air cleanliness reduces the number of post-operative infections. Therefore, the ventilation system is important in order to reduce the number of infectious particles in the air during surgery. Ventilation with high a

Theoretical investigations of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) at in-plane shear loading conditions are presented with focus on shear failure mode III, relating to shear stresses acting in the crossing areas between orthogonally bonded laminations of different layers. Failure criteria for structural design, test configurations and material parameters are discussed. Full 3D finite element (FE) analyses

This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book illustrates how urban innovation is being negotiated and interpreted in a wide range of contexts, while also raising more fundamental questions about the rapidly evolving relationship between society and information and communication technologies (ICT). It describes how smart urba

Molecularly well-designed proton exchange membranes (PEMs) with a high local concentration of strongly acidic groups have the potential to fulfill the strict requirements for fuel cell operation under high temperature and low humidity. Here, we have prepared a series of well-defined and tunable PEMs based on poly(p-phenylene alkylene) backbones functionalized with sulfonated polypentafluorostyrene

This chapter argues that encouraging teachers to strive towards civic professionalism is the key to equipping music schools with the tools to align with societal changes. All of the case descriptions highlight the practical use of inter-professional collaboration across sectors in problem-solving, this being one possible element in realising civic professionalism in practice. Social innovations ca

PET-CT är baserad på positronemissionstomografi kombinerat med datortomografi. Före en PET-CT-undersökning injiceras ett radioaktivt spårämne (även kallat radiofarmaka) intravenöst i patienten. PET avbildar fördelningen av detta spårämne genom att detektera dess sönderfall. Under de senaste åren har PET-tekniken utvecklats och förbättrats inom hårdvara och mjukvara. Dessutom har nya radioaktiva spThe PET-CT imaging modality is based on positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography. Before a PET-CT examination, a radioactive tracer (also called a radiopharmaceutical) is intravenously injected into the patient. PET technology images the distribution of this tracer element by detecting the decay. In recent years, PET technology has been developed and improved in hardware and