The European Union (EU) has faced numerous severe crises during the 21st century. Rather than standing united and finding joint solutions, the intergovernmental negotiations have often revolved around furthering member state preferences, and maximising individual outcomes. Surprisingly, when Russia invaded Ukraine, in the spring of 2022, the EU managed to field a relatively successful and united r

Traditional bottom-up implementation theory has focused primarily on local-level processes, but this perspective may not fully empower all relevant actors. Regarding the combat of the climate crisis, the implementation process must account for those who are directly affected by the policy's outcomes. Implementation theory could be re-examined through a feminist theoretical lens in order to bet

Depression has recently been highlighted across OECD countries as a public health crisis in need of immediate action. Unfortunately, the most popularized public policy solutions focus on individual biomedical or psychosocial interventions. This thesis draws from a theory on economic determinants of mental health to explore if within-country increases in social protection policy expenditure levels

This evaluation research which deals with the World Bank-assisted intervention development programme known as Fadama III in Nigeria precisely sought to investigate how the National Fadama III Intervention Development Project impacted poverty alleviation of the residents of Enugu State that participated in the project in relation to their income level. The study made use of 168 benefiting household

Background: An increased risk of pregnancy complications is seen in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the specific immunopathological drivers are still unclear. Hallmarks of SLE are granulocyte activation, type I interferon (IFN) overproduction, and autoantibodies. Here we examined whether low-density granulocytes (LDG) and granulocyte activation increase during pregnancy, and rel

Since the Lisbon Treaty failed in strengthening the EU’s global actorness – not least within Russia’s sphere of interest – the EU has been described as ‘a global actor past its peak’. However, following Azerbaijan’s aggressions on Armenian sovereign territory in September 2022, Armenia invited the EU to deploy a CSDP mission in the country. Since Armenia is one of Russia’s closest allies and CSDP

In light of the EU’s growing compliance problem and the generalized decline in Commission-led enforcement, this thesis studies the phenomenon of Commission inaction against breaches of EU law, and, specifically, Art. 2 TEU. By focusing on its lack of action against Spain’s non-renewal of the General Council of the Judiciary, a long-standing breach of the rule of law, this thesis aims to shed light

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the level of conict in the media between the government and the opposition at dierent time periods, and specically regarding EU policies. Opposition towards policy is a crucial ingredient in democratic systems of government that do not only allow the people to send dierent personalities to represent them in government, but rather dierent policy agendas that

Studies on how small states act within the international system are usually performed using the major theories in international relations. After Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Sweden applied for a membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (Nato). This thesis’s purpose is to gain knowledge on how strategic narratives were used to legitimize policy changes in a nation that has been

The aim of this study is to understand how outreach workers work with at-risk youth to reduce the risk of criminal behavior. The study is based on semi-structured interviews with eight outreach workers from different parts of Sweden who all have continuous contact with at-risk youth. The theoretical approaches we used when analyzing our material were Michael Lipsky’s theory of street-level bureauc

De vanligaste kontakterna under vikingatiden ur ett svenskt perspektiv gick österut. Miljontals islamiska mynt flödade in i Skandinavien från Nordafrika, kalifatet och det samanidiska herraväldet i Centralasien. Deras ursprung varierade, och silverströmmens kronologi gör det möjligt att beskriva föränderliga relationer mellan aktörerna. Några välkända artefakter från samma riktning kom till SkandiThe most common contacts during the Viking Age from a Swedish perspective were to the East. Millions of Islamic coins flowed into Scandinavia from North Africa, the Caliphate, and the Samanid dominion in Central Asia. Their origins differed, and the temporality of the silver stream makes it possible to outline changing interfaces between the actors. Some well known artifacts from the same directio

Lead-free perovskite-inspired materials (PIMs) are gaining attention in optoelectronics due to their low toxicity and inherent air stability. Their wide bandgaps (≈2 eV) make them ideal for indoor light harvesting. However, the investigation of PIMs for indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) is still in its infancy. Herein, the IPV potential of a quaternary PIM, Cu2AgBiI6 (CABI), is demonstrated upon control

Despite the outstanding power conversion efficiency of triple-cation perovskite solar cells (PSCs), their low long-term stability in the air is still a major bottleneck for practical applications. The hygroscopic dopants traditionally used in hole transport materials (HTMs) severely degrade the perovskite film. The p-type F4-TCNQ doping of the well-known spiro-OMeTAD HTM enables hydrophobicity-ind

Detta arbete har utvärderat hastighetssäkrade åtgärders effekt på landsbygdsvägar genom att filma totalt 34 olika sådana åtgärder i södra Sverige och studera hastigheten av frigående bilar och tunga fordon när de passerar de olika åtgärderna.Varje plats har filmats med drönare och alla fordon har automatiskt spårats m.h.a. videoanalys. Därefter har frigående fordon identifierats och deras hastighe

This research explores the effect of the European Union’s Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) on multi-level governance (MLG) by adducing the theory of postfunctionalism’s explanatory power. Previous MLG research on the COVID-19 crisis found alternating national centralisation/decentralisation movements due to crisis management. Scrutinising the watershed RRF offers novel insights into MLG’s de

Climate-related security risks (CRSR) have risen on the foreign policy agenda of the European Union (EU). As climate change accelerates, its impacts exacerbate existing social, economic, and environmental challenges within and between communities and increase the likelihood of states experiencing humanitarian crises and conflict. These so-called climate-related security risks (CRSR), or climate-se

The 2017 Catalan independence referendum on the first of October was both a transformative event for the Catalan independence movement and the beginning of Spain’s constitutional crisis. The actions by the Spanish government could be described as repressive, but did audiences online interpret it as such? Protest and resistance, on the streets and online, criticising the government’s actions are ev

As Sweden has been a pioneer when it comes to agendas for the inclusion of women, the decision to terminate the feminist foreign policy was met with surprise. The newly elected government was quick at declaring the feminist foreign policy insufficient to represent Swedish interests and this research has provided insights to understand how this came to be. By analyzing the case with the application