For the past 30 to 40 years, well before the concept of sustainable development became politically correct, regulation of the environment has been covered by Environmental Protection Agencies worldwide. Perhaps one of the most important things that we have learned is that regulations have significant costs, not just benefits, and that analysis of the cost and benefit of proposed rules is an indisp

Dynamic glucose-enhanced (DGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown potential for tumor imaging using D-glucose as a biodegradable contrast agent. The DGE signal change is small at 3 T (around 1 and accurate detection is hampered by motion. The intravenous D-glucose injection is associated with transient side effects that can indirectly generate subject movements. In this study, the aim was

Agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa is undergoing rapid transformation involving major changes in farmland ownership and farm scales from small to medium farms, with the widespread use of mechanisation and agro-inputs. Generally, households are increasing their farm sizes while others are dropping out of agriculture as the non-farm economy grows in both rural and urban areas. This study examined the

Avian migrants may fly at a range of altitudes, but usually concentrate near strata where a combination of flight conditions is favourable. The aerial environment can have a large impact on the performance of the migrant and is usually highly dynamic, making it beneficial for a bird to regularly check the flight conditions at alternative altitudes. We recorded the migrations between northern Europ

NAA10 is a major N-terminal acetyltransferase (NAT) that catalyzes the cotranslational N-terminal (Nt-) acetylation of 40% of the human proteome. Several reports of lysine acetyltransferase (KAT) activity by NAA10 exist, but others have not been able to find any NAA10-derived KAT activity, the latter of which is supported by structural studies. The KAT activity of NAA10 towards hypoxia-inducible f

Sound reduction is complex to estimate for acoustical treatments on ventilation ducts through walls. Various acoustical treatments are available for ventilation ducts, including internal lining (absorption along the inner perimeter), external lagging (external sound insulation), silencer, and suspended ceilings. Previous studies have examined how silencers and the internal lining affect the sound

Analyses of multiple sequence alignments generally focus on well-defined conserved sequence blocks, while the rest of the alignment is largely ignored or discarded. This is especially true in phylogenomics, where large multigene datasets are produced through automated pipelines. However, some of the most powerful phylogenetic markers have been found in the variable length regions of multiple align

Leaf mass per area (LMA) is a key plant functional trait closely related to leaf biomass. Estimating LMA in fresh leaves remains challenging due to its masked absorption by leaf water in the short-wave infrared region of reflectance. Vegetation indices (VIs) are popular variables used to estimate LMA. However, their physical foundations are not clear and the generalization ability is limited by th

The quality, such as long-range correlation and mobility, of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) is limited by, among other factors, interface roughness, which is inherent to the use of compositional heterostructures. Polytypic heterostructures have atomically sharp interfaces and minimal strain, decreasing the interface roughness, which may increase the mobility and long-range correlation of 2D

Companies enjoy increasingly extensive protection of their fundamental right to conduct business under EU law. This article will examine whether this protection is justified by reference to the foundational value of human freedom. In other words, does the way in which EU law protects the fundamental rights of companies to conduct business promote the freedom of individuals human beings within the

We aimed to test the hypothesis that gluten might be associated with the development of islet cell autoimmunity. A random sample of 200 persons (87 males, mean age 42.4 years) from Estonia including one patient with type I diabetes mellitus was studied. IgG-type glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) antibodies were determined using radioligand-binding assay and IgG/IgA-type gliadin antibodies (AGA)

Active generative cooling based on supercritical hydrocarbon fuel is regarded as one of the most promising methods for scramjet thermal management. A large eddy simulation method is used to explore the transient change law of the initial flow, and heat transfer behaviors of supercritical hydrocarbon fuel is in rectangular channels. An oscillation effect can be proved in the convective heat transfe