Rank and cardinality penalties are hard to handle in optimization frameworks due to non-convexity and discontinuity. Strong approximations have been a subject of intense study and numerous formulations have been proposed. Most of these can be described as separable, meaning that they apply a penalty to each element (or singular value) based on size, without considering the joint distribution. In t

The nanowire geometry is favorable for the growth of ternary semiconductor materials, because the composition and properties can be tuned freely without substrate lattice matching. To achieve precise control of the composition in ternary semiconductor nanowires, a deeper understanding of the growth is required. One unknown aspect of seeded nanowire growth is how the composition of the catalyst nan

Under 1960- och 1970-talen etablerades internationellt bistånds- och utvecklingsarbete som en ny och betydelsefull del av svensk utrikespolitik.1 Sedan dess har Sverige förblivit en i internationell jämförelse betydande biståndsgivare, i synnerhet med hänsyn tagen till folkmängd och BNP.2 Genom utvecklingsbiståndet etablerade Sverige bilaterala relationer med länder i andra världsdelar och intog e

For a bird, it is often vital to visually detect food items, predators, or individuals from the same flock, i.e. moving stimuli of various shapes. Yet, behavioural tests of visual spatial acuity traditionally use stationary gratings as stimuli. We have behaviourally tested the ability of budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) to detect a black circular target, moving semi-randomly at 1.69 degrees s

Elementary particles and their interactions are successfully described by the Standard Model of particle physics (SM). However, it has been observed that extensions Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) are required to account for a large part of yet undiscovered particles and interactions, such as Dark Matter (DM).To advance the knowledge of the SM and to pursue DM discoveries, CERN has the ambitious p

This study has examined the distribution patterns between gas phase and particle phase of some chemical compounds produced in fires. It has also addressed the question of the distribution of individual particle-associated species between the different size-ranges of particles. The chemical compounds studied and discussed in this paper are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and isocyanates. T

OBJECTIVE: To examine the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic as lived by people with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA), in Italy.DESIGN: A qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews.SETTING: Urban and suburban areas in northern Italy.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 11 people with OA were enrolled through a purposeful sampling and completed the study.PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: The experience of I

Metallic glasses are non-crystalline metals that are obtained by rapid cooling of the melt to bypass crystallization. The amorphous atomic structure shows enhanced properties relative to the crystalline counterpart. For example, enhanced mechanical properties, improved corrosion resistance, as well as excellent soft magnetic properties. The unique properties of metallic glasses make them promising

The project investigates how the sun can be utilized to enhance aesthetics through textile surfaces in urban environments. The project explores the interplay of textiles as a sun-screening element within the outdoor public architectural space. What happens when we use the sun's heat and light to trigger a light and shadow play through a textile surface? What happens when designing with an unpre-diThe project investigates how the sun can be utilized to enhance aesthetics through textile surfaces in urban environments. The project explores the interplay of textiles as a sun-screening element within the outdoor public architectural space. What happens when we use the sun's heat and light to trigger a light and shadow play through a textile surface? What happens when designing with an unpre-di

The work is exhibited in the group exhibition 'Body & Space' at the National Museum, Riga, Lithuania.

This study evaluates the applicability of scaled reassigned spectrograms (ReSTS) on ultrasound radio frequency data obtained with a clinical linear array ultrasound transducer. The ReSTS's ability to resolve axially closely spaced objects in a phantom is compared to the classical cross-correlation method with respect to the ability to resolve closely spaced objects as individual reflectors using u

Self-consistent field ab initio calculations using a previously published, optimized basis set [J. Chem. Phys. 94 (1991) 6677] and second-order Møller-Plesset (MP2) perturbation theory are used in a study of the ArHCl intermolecular potential. The ab initio results are compared to the recently published H6(4, 3, 0) potential-energy surface [J. Phys. Chem. 96 (1992) 4237]. Good agreement is obtaine

Digital signatures are widely deployed to authenticate the source of incoming information, or to certify data integrity. Common signature verification procedures return a decision (accept/reject) only at the very end of the execution. If interrupted prematurely, however, the verification process cannot infer any meaningful information about the validity of the given signature. We notice that this

This paper presents an approach for optimizing floor plans using data collected from workplaces and a physics-based planning algorithm utilizing GPU-acceleration. The approach is compared to two approaches based on Genetic Algorithms and Particle Swarm Optimization. Common objectives, such as minimizing distance between related departments and daylight usage are optimized using the physics-based m

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to systematically review extant studies on what makes a country fully, partially or not adopt international financial reporting standards (IFRS) and categorize these factors into meaningful categories. In so doing, this study facilitates policy-making for accounting and economic standard setters and also points out conflicting viewpoints in the current literat

Protein synthesis elongation factor G (EF-G) is an essential protein with central roles in both the elongation and ribosome recycling phases of protein synthesis. Although EF-G evolution is predicted to be conservative, recent reports suggest otherwise. We have characterized EF-G in terms of its molecular phylogeny, genomic context, and patterns of amino acid substitution. We find that most bacter

The characterisation of fire effluents from large-scale fire tests is important for assessing the risks associated with specific scenarios regarding buildings and transport, and also for validation of effluent data from small-scale tests. This chapter describes some of the most important standard large-scale test scenarios and modifications of these tests including gas analysis. It will further de

Several studies have investigated the effect of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) for managing chronic musculoskeletal pain, bringing contrasting results to the forefront. Thus far, however, there has been no synthesis of evidence on the effect of BoNT-A as an adjunctive treatment within a multimodal approach. Hence, Medline via PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library-CENTRAL were searched until Novembe

This thesis has investigated how the design process used by a textile printmaker practitioner requires further modification when the sun, uncontrollable by nature, is used to activate thermochromic leuco dyes, a dynamic surface variable. In the context of the use of the sun as the dynamic activator, the investigation is focussed on design applications of sun-screening textiles for both indoor and This thesis has investigated how the design process used by a textile printmaker practitioner requires further modification when the sun, uncontrollable by nature, is used to activate thermochromic leuco dyes, a dynamic surface variable. In the context of the use of the sun as the dynamic activator, the investigation is focussed on design applications of sun-screening textiles for both indoor and