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Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been associated with increased local inflammation in the affected brain regions, and in some studies also with elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is known to promote a more effector-oriented phenotype in the T-cell compartment, increasing with age. The aim of this study was to investigate the inflammatory response of
Residential biomass combustion is a significant source of aerosol particles on regional and global scales influencing climate and human health. The main objective of the current study was to investigate the properties of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) emitted from biomass burning of solid fuels in different cookstoves mostly of relevance to sub- Saharan east Africa. The traditional three-stone fi
Background The number and rank order of siblings could be of importance for risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Previous studies have used only fatal events for risk prediction. We, therefore, aimed to use also non-fatal coronary and cardiovascular events in fully adjusted models. Methods From the Multiple-Generation Register in Sweden, data were used from 1.36 million men and 1.32 milli
Epidemiologic studies examining the association between specific fatty acids and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk are inconclusive. We investigated the association between dietary estimates and plasma levels of individual and total saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), industrial-processed trans (iTFA), and ruminant-sourced trans (rTFA) fatty acids, and CRC risk in the European Prospective Investig
Surrounding the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1994, scholars discussed whether the new organization would contribute to a shift of global environmental governance toward more market-based mechanisms. According to the most favored nation clause, a WTO party has to grant any trade advantage it concedes to any one country to all other parties. The WTO treaties also include cl
Future disasters or crises are difficult to predict and therefore hard to prepare for. However, while a specific event might not have happened, it can be simulated in an exercise. The evaluation of performance during such an exercise can provide important information regarding the current state of preparedness, and used to improve the response to future events. For this to happen, evaluation produ
Background/Aims Prematurely born infants undergo costly, stressful eye examinations to uncover the small fraction with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) that needs treatment to prevent blindness. The aim was to develop a prediction tool (DIGIROP-Screen) with 100% sensitivity and high specificity to safely reduce screening of those infants not needing treatment. DIGIROP-Screen was compared with four
This paper describes a case study at an automotive company with the purpose of developing an economically based decision support tool, for strategic decision about whether to chose grinding or shaving as a finishing method in gear manufacturing. In the study different cost models are compared regarding input parameters in alignment with the required input data required to make a decision. With the
Background Objectively measured breast softness in reconstructed breasts and its relation to patients’ subjective satisfactionwith breast softness has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate breast softness in patients 1 yearfollowing delayed breast reconstruction with an expander prosthesis (EP) or deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) fap,using objective and subject
Background: Public trust is central to the collection of genomic and health data and the sustainability of genomic research. To merit trust, those involved in collecting and sharing data need to demonstrate they are trustworthy. However, it is unclear what measures are most likely to demonstrate this. Methods: We analyse the ‘Your DNA, Your Say’ online survey of public perspectives on genomic data
Survey data (FRA 2014) suggest that the lifetime rates of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) in the Nordic countries are among the highest in the EU, even though these countries are positioned as among the most gender equal in the world. This co-existence of high levels of gender equality and of high IPVAW rates, which has been termed the Nordic Paradox, has hitherto not been adequate
Previously published data from our group and others demonstrate that human milk oligosaccharide (HMOs), as well as milk and infant fecal microbial profiles, vary by geography. However, little is known about the geographical variation of other milk-borne factors, such as lactose and protein, as well as the associations among these factors and microbial community structures in milk and infant feces.
OBJECTIVE: We review the existing research on environmentally sustainable surgical practices to enable SAO to advocate for improved environmental sustainability in operating rooms across the country. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Climate change refers to the impact of greenhouse gases emitted as a byproduct of human activities, trapped within our atmosphere and resulting in hotter and more variable
Folke sits on a two-meter-high chair in the corner of a Norwegian man’s kitchen, observing, taking notes, and drawing up diagrams. Both he and the man he studies have been given clear instructions: the observer must be allowed to come and go as he pleases, must not be spoken to, and must never be included in the daily chores or routines of the people he is supposed to be studying. But things don’t
Panic buying and hoarding behavior is a significant component of crisis- and disasterrelated consumption displacement that has received considerable attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding such purchasing and stockpiling behavior provides critical information for government, disaster managers and the retail sector, as well as policy makers to adjust crisis response strategies and to
Background: Several aggregate data meta-analyses have provided estimates of the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in community-dwelling elderly people. However, these studies ignored the effects of patient-level confounders such as sex, age, and chronic diseases that could bias effectiveness estimates. We aimed to assess the confounder-adjusted effectiveness of influenza vaccines on laborator
