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Colon cancer is the third most common cancer in the world and the fourth most common cause of cancer related deaths. Inflammation is one of the risk factors for development of colon cancer. Interestingly immune cells as mast cells and inflammatory mediators as LTC4 play an important role in colon cancer. Genetic predisposition, which might lead to either activation of oncogenes or inhibition of tu
The aim of present study was to arrange an experimental rabbit model for IgA-nephropathy. To this purpose, an approach was attempted which was previously successfully applied in rabbits, aiming for induction of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN). To induce the nephropathy, we used two Streptococcus pyogenes strains of M4 and M60 serotypes which showed differential IgA-binding capacity me
This paper ad to the body of knowledge on the implementation ofthe e-Government and aims to describe how this process was carried out inthe Delta municipality in Northern Italy. This organization is a public organization in an economically important Region and provides services to entrepreneurs such as validation for opening a new business. An interpretativeapproach used with several interviewees
Background: Changes in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) tone are present before, during, and after episodes of atrial fibrillation (AF). Atrial fibrillatory rate (AFR, the inverse of the atrial cycle length) has been used as a surrogate marker for local refractoriness and is a key characteristic of the fibrillatory process in patients with AF. Aim of this study is to assess changes in AFR, as an
Rules and guidelines on food safety and ethical aspects of production, such as animal welfare and labour conditions, have traditionally been a matter of national legislation. However, in recent years, powerful retailers and food processors have started to impose requirements on downstream producers through private standards. Since private standards are used by private actors and not by states, the
Leukemias are a group of life threatening malignant disorders of the blood and bone marrow. In the adolescent and young adult (AYA) population, the acute leukemias are most prevalent, with chronic myeloid leukemia being infrequently seen. Factors associated with more aggressive disease biology tend to increase in frequency with increasing age, whilst tolerability of treatment strategies decreases.
My first encounter with a begging person led me to spend five years investigating the new situation regarding begging and giving in Sweden. The premise is that every-day actions and reactions to another person can be made visible through aesthetics with ethical underpinnings. My investigation takes place mainly in the urban landscape and in the media. The images always constitute the point of depa
Did economic and political inequality hamper the spread of mass schooling in the 19th century? This paper analyzes the link between investments in primary schooling and the spread of voting rights in 19th-century Sweden using newly collected data on educational expenditure and the distribution of voting rights in local governments. We find that municipalities governed by local elites spent substan
Boreal/arctic wetlands are dominated by diverse plant species, which vary in their contribution to CH4 production, oxidation and transport processes. Earlier studies have often lumped the processes all together, which may induce large uncertainties into the results. We present a novel model, which includes three vegetation classes and can be used to simulate CH4 emissions from boreal and arctic tr
Within this chapter, we begin with the invaluable context of the experience of living after cancer as a young person. Then we move to describe the growing body of data indicating the consequences of cancer in patients diagnosed aged as teenagers and young adults (YAs). We identify that, while the variation in definitions used in the literature hamper firm conclusions, specific patterns of substant
In osteopetrosis, osteoclast dysfunction can lead to deafness, blindness, bone marrow failure, and death. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is currently the only curative treatment, but outcome remains disappointing. Although a rapid progression toward HCT is detrimental to prevent further progress of disease manifestations, 70% of cases lack an HLA-matched sibling and require alternative s
Gliding flight is a relatively inexpensive mode of flight used by many larger bird species, where potential energy is used to cover the cost of aerodynamic drag. Birds have great flexibility in their flight configuration, allowing them to control their flight speed and glide angle. However, relatively little is known about how this flexibility affects aerodynamic drag. We measured the wake of a ja
We measured volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) at an urban background site near the city centre of Helsinki, Finland, northern Europe. The VOC and CO2 measurements were obtained between January 2013 and September 2014 whereas for CO a shorter measurement campaign in April–May 2014 was conducted. Both anthropogenic and biogenic sources were identified f
Aim: There have been few studies on long-term electroretinographic findings in patients with long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHADD). This study correlated long-term electroretinographic findings with age, metabolic control and clinical symptoms. Methods: We examined 12 Swedish patients with LCHADD. Visual acuity testing, fundus examinations, optical coherence tomography and
Controlled formation of non-equilibrium crystal structures is one of the most important challenges in crystal growth. Catalytically grown nanowires are ideal systems for studying the fundamental physics of phase selection, and could lead to new electronic applications based on the engineering of crystal phases. Here we image gallium arsenide (GaAs) nanowires during growth as they switch between ph
Recently, the number and amount of biogenically emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been discussed in great detail. Depending on the ecosystem, the published number varies between a dozen and several hundred compounds. We present ecosystem exchange fluxes from a mixed oak–hornbeam forest in the Po Valley, Italy. The fluxes were measured by a proton transfer reaction-time-of-flight (PTR-T
Mass-flowering crops (MFCs) are increasingly cultivated and might influence pollinator communities in MFC fields and nearby semi-natural habitats (SNHs). Across six European regions and 2 years, we assessed how landscape-scale cover of MFCs affected pollinator densities in 408 MFC fields and adjacent SNHs. In MFC fields, densities of bumblebees, solitary bees, managed honeybees and hoverflies were
Many populations are small and isolated with limited genetic variation and high risk of mating with close relatives. Inbreeding depression is suspected to contribute to extinction of wild populations, but the historical and demographic factors that contribute to reduced population viability are often difficult to tease apart. Replicated introduction events in non-native species can offer insights
