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Neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts reflect the microenvironmental hallmarks of aggressive patient tumours

Treatment of high-risk childhood neuroblastoma is a clinical challenge hampered by a lack of reliable neuroblastoma mouse models for preclinical drug testing. We have previously established invasive and metastasising patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDXs) from high-risk neuroblastomas that retained the genotypes and phenotypes of patient tumours. Given the important role of the tumour microe

From Extensive to Involutionary Growth: A Dialectic Interpretation of the Boom and Busts of Cocoa Production in the Gold Coast

African economic history has undergone impressive revitalization in the past decade. Much of the recent work is, quite naturally, inspired by developments in economic history at large, and increasingly – indirectly or directly – using markets as the organizing principle in understanding how economies evolve over time. More specifically, recent work assumes that markets create the possibility to us

Design Automation for IEEE P1687

The IEEE P1687 (IJTAG) standard proposal aimsat standardizing the access to embedded test and debug logic(instruments) via the JTAG TAP. P1687 specifies a componentcalled Segment Insertion Bit (SIB) which makes it possible toconstruct a multitude of alternative P1687 instrument accessnetworks for a given set of instruments. Finding the best accessnetwork with respect to instrument access time and

Measurement Point Selection for In-Operation Wear-Out Monitoring

In recent IC designs, the risk of early failure due to electromigration wear-out has increased due to reduced feature dimensions. To give a warning of impending failure, wearout monitoring approaches have included delay measurement circuitry on-chip. Due to the high cost of delay measurement circuitry this paper presents a method to reduce the number of necessary measurement points. The proposed m

Efficient Embedding of Deterministic Test Data

Systems with many integrated circuits (ICs), often of the same type, are increasingly common to meet the constant performance demand. However, systems in recent semiconductor technologies require not only manufacturing test, but also in-field test. Preferably, the same test set is utilized both at manufacturing test and in-field test. While deterministic test patterns provide high fault coverage,

Energy-Efficient Fault Tolerance in Chip Multiprocessors Using Critical Value Forwarding

Relentless CMOS scaling coupled with lower design tolerances is making ICs increasingly susceptible to wear-out related permanent faults and transient faults, necessitating on-chip fault tolerance in future chip microprocessors (CMPs). In this paper we introduce a new energy-efficient fault-tolerant CMP architecture known as Redundant Execution using Critical Value Forwarding (RECVF). RECVF is bas

Multiplexed redundant execution: A technique for efficient fault tolerance in chip multiprocessors

Continued CMOS scaling is expected to make future micro-processors susceptible to transient faults, hard faults, manufacturing defects and process variations causing fault tolerance to become important even for general purpose processors targeted at the commodity market. Tomitigate the effect of decreased reliability, a number of fault-tolerant architectures have been proposed that exploit the nat

On Minimization of Peak Power for Scan Circuit during Test

Scan circuit generally causes excessive switching activity compared to normal circuit operation. The higher switching activity in turn causes higher peak power supply current which results into supply voltage droop and eventually yield loss. This paper proposes an efficient methodology for test vector re-ordering to achieve minimum peak power supported by the given test vector set. The proposed me

Fault-tolerant average execution time optimization for general-purpose multi-processor system-on-chips

Fault-tolerance is due to the semiconductor technology development important, not only for safety-critical systems but also for general-purpose (non-safety critical) systems. However, instead of guaranteeing that deadlines always are met, it is for general-purpose systems important to minimize the average execution time (AET) while ensuring fault-tolerance. For a given job and a soft (transient) e

Energy and Security: Exploring Renewable and Efficient Energy Systems

Mitigating climate change will affect energy systems and have consequences that reach beyond environmental policies. The studies presented in this thesis analyse how reducing emissions of greenhouse gases affect (energy) security. The focus is on strategies which improve energy efficiency or increase the share of renewable energy.This thesis is based on five papers in which frameworks for conceptuMitigating climate change will affect energy systems and have consequences that reach beyond environmental policies. The studies presented in this thesis analyse how reducing emissions of greenhouse gases affect (energy) security. The focus is on strategies which improve energy efficiency or increase the share of renewable energy.This thesis is based on five papers in which frameworks for conceptu

Industrial chicken meat and the Good Life in Bolivia

The consumption of industrially produced chicken meat has been on the rise in Bolivia, at the same time as the philosophy of Vivir Bien has gained national and international attention. This paper provides detailed insights into the production, distribution, and consumption of industrial chicken meat in Bolivia (with a focus on the Cochabamba region). It asks how this tendency stands in relationshi

Gender-specific incidence of autoimmune diseases from national registers

BACKGROUND: It is widely believed that autoimmune diseases affect predominantly in women, but the available evidence came from case control study with potential selection and recall bias. We aimed to examine the gender-specific incidence of autoimmune diseases by using national wide registers in Sweden.METHODS: Swedish Hospital Discharge Register and Outpatient Register were used to identify a set

Exposure-response relationships for work-related neck and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders - Analyses of pooled uniform data sets

There is a lack of quantitative data regarding exposure-response relationships between occupational risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders in the neck and shoulders. We explored such relationships in pooled data from a series of our cross-sectional studies. We recorded the prevalence of complaints/discomfort (Nordic Questionnaire) and diagnoses (physical examination) in 33 groups (24 female an

Conceptual Thermodynamic Cycle and Aerodynamic Gas Turbine Design - on an Oxy-fuel Combined Cycle

The world is today facing a serious problem with global warming, which is heading towards an appallingly high temperature level. The greater part of the overall climate science community agree that global warming is caused by the greenhouse effect, which depends largely on emitted CO2 emissions from the combustion of fossil fuel. The agreement at the COP 21 climate meeting in Paris (December 2015)The world is today facing a serious problem with global warming, which is heading towards an appallingly high temperature level. The greater part of the overall climate science community agree that global warming is caused by the greenhouse effect, which depends largely on emitted CO2 emissions from the combustion of fossil fuel. The agreement at the COP 21 climate meeting in Paris (December 2015)

Validity of a small low-cost triaxial accelerometer with integrated logger for uncomplicated measurements of postures and movements of head, upper back and upper arms

Repetitive work and work in constrained postures are risk factors for developing musculoskeletal disorders. Low-cost, user-friendly technical methods to quantify these risks are needed. The aims were to validate inclination angles and velocities of one model of the new generation of accelerometers with integrated data loggers against a previously validated one, and to compare meaurements when usin

Graph Theoretic Approach for Scan Cell Reordering to Minimize Peak Shift Power

Scan circuit testing generally causes excessive switching activity compared to normal circuit operation. This excessive switching activity causes high peak and average power consumption. Higher peak power causes, supply voltage droop and excessive heat dissipation. This paper proposes a scan cell reordering methodology to minimize the peak power consumption during scan shift operation. The propose

The out of Africa hypothesis and the ancestry of recent humans : Cherchez la femme (et l'homme)

The out of Africa hypothesis (OOAH) has been a mainstay in the discussion of human evolution since its presentation in the 1980's. However, recent advances in palaeontology and molecular genetics have made it possible to examine the hypothesis in a manner that was inconceivable at the time of its proposal. The palaeontological progress relates to early Homo finds in the Caucasus, Denisova finds in

Energy-Efficient Redundant Execution for Chip Multiprocessors

Relentless CMOS scaling coupled with lower design tolerances is making ICs increasingly susceptible to wear-out related permanent faults and transient faults, necessitating on-chip fault tolerance in future chip microprocessors (CMPs). In this paper, we describe a power-efficient architecture for redundant execution on chip multiprocessors (CMPs) which when coupled with our per-core dynamic voltag