BackgroundAnimal bedding remains an underutilized source of raw material for bioethanol production, despite the economic and environmental benefits of its use. Further research concerning the optimization of the production process is needed, as previously tested pretreatment methods have not increased the conversion efficiency to the levels necessary for commercialization of the process.ResultsWe

The GABA synthesizing enzyme GAD is a prominent islet cell autoantigen in type I diabetes. The two forms of GAD (GAD64 and GAD67) are encoded by different genes in both rats and humans. By in situ hybridization analysis of rat and human pancreases, expression of both genes was detected in rat islets, whereas only GAD64 mRNA was detected in human islets, Immunocytochemical analysis of rat and human

The β-cell function in the perfused pancreas, the total pancreatic insulin content, and the weights of pancreas, kidney, spleen, and total body fat were compared at the age of 30 and 45 days in diabetes-prone and body weight-matched diabetes-resistant male BB rats. These inbred rats had an incidence rate of diabetes at 90 days of age of 80 and 0%, respectively. At day 30, the pancreatic insulin co

Background: Blood eosinophil count (BEC) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) concentration are established biomarkers in asthma, associated particularly with the risk of exacerbations. We evaluated the relationship of BEC and FeNO as complementary and independent biomarkers of severe asthma exacerbations. Methods: This observational study included data from the Optimum Patient Care Research

Objective: Fontan surgery is performed in children with univentricular heart defects. Previous data regarding permanent pacemaker implantation frequency and indications in Fontan patients are limited and conflicting. We examined the prevalence of and risk factors for pacemaker treatment in a consecutive national cohort of patients after Fontan surgery in Sweden. Methods: We retrospectively reviewe

There have been reports of allergic contact dermatitis in response to the plastic part of eyewear. Different substances have been identified as the causative allergens: Solvent Orange 60,1 methylisothiazolinone,2 and triethylene glycol bis(−2ethylhexanoate).3 Here we present the first known case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by CI Solvent Yellow 14 (CAS no. 842–07‐9) used in the plastic pa

Alzheimer´s disease showed a low prevalence of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hypertension compared to cases with vascular dementia. All cases neuropathologically confirmed.

In this short paper we discuss the advantages and drawbacks of oral and written evaluation of students. First in more general terms and then followed by details of what we did in our course and our experience. Finally, we outline some topics for further study and discussions.

BACKGROUND: An increasing number of women are evaluated for potential breast cancer and may experience mental distress during evaluation. We aim to assess the risks of psychiatric disorders and cardiovascular diseases during the diagnostic workup of potential breast cancer.METHODS: All women with a new diagnosis of unspecified lump in breast (N = 15,714), benign tumor or breast cancer in situ (N =

Confinement or geometric frustration is known to alter the structure of soft matter, including copolymeric melts, and can consequently be used to tune structure and properties. Here we investigate the self-assembly of ABC and ABB 3-miktoarm star copolymers confined to a spherical shell using coarse-grained dissipative particle dynamics simulations. In bulk and flat geometries the ABC stars form he

This chapter analyses the European Union’s efforts to counteract the erosion of member states’ corporate tax bases. The author first describes how multinational enterprises, like Apple, have been able to exploit differences between the tax systems in order to pay less taxes. The author then presents the hypothesis that EU member states have managed to defend their interests in protecting their own

Bacterial ice-nucleating particles (INP) have the ability to facilitate ice nucleation from super-cooled cloud droplets at temperatures just below the melting point. Bacterial INP have been detected in cloud water, precipitation, and dry air, hence they may have an impact on weather and climate. In modeling studies, the potential impact of bacteria on ice nucleation and precipitation formation on

Restriction fragment length polymorphism using an HLA‐DQ β‐chain genomic probe showed that 63 children with insulin‐dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were all (100%) positive for the BamH1 fragments 12 kb and/or 4 kb compared to 98% (62/63) for HLA‐DR3 and/or 4 and 75% (47/63) for HLA‐B8 and/or 15. The 36 (56%) DR3‐positive children were all 4‐kb‐positive; however, a total of 44 (70%) ch

Secretin and glucagon potentiate glucose-induced insulin release. We have compared the effects of secretin and glucagon with that of four hybrid molecules of the two hormones on insulin release and formation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in isolated mouse pancreatic islets. All six peptides potentiated the release of insulin at 10mM D-glucose, and their effects were indistinguishable with respect to the dy