From a public database in Sweden we obtained a subject pool consisting of one group of 20 years old and another group exactly 50 years older. The groups participated in a mail-based trust game, in which the young cohort exhibited more trust than the older one. Subjects significantly preferred to place trust in co-players of their own cohort and of the female sex. When amounts sent and proportions

Norovirus (NoV) is a leading cause of gastroenteritis and genotype II.4 (GII.4) is responsible for the majority of nosocomial NoV infections. Our objective was to examine whether sequencing of the capsid gene might be a useful tool for the hospital outbreak investigation to define possible transmission routes. All NoV positive samples submitted from one university hospital during the 2007/8 season

A novel technique, designated dual imaging and modeling evaluation (DIME), for evaluating single-laser shot fluorescence lifetimes is presented. The technique is experimentally verified in a generic gas mixing experiment to provide a clear demonstration of the rapidness and sensitivity of the detector scheme. Single-laser shot fluorescence lifetimes of roughly 800 ps with a standard deviation of s

Syftet med rapporten har varit att analysera erfarenheterna av miljöanpassad upphandling och innovationsupphandling, samt hur dessa styrmdel kan bidra till uppfyllandet av olika politiska målsättningar. Rapporten redogör bl.a. för målsättningarna för upphandling, betydelsen av en efterfrågedriven innovationspolitik, samt hur upphandling kan samverka med andra styrmedel på miljöområdet.

Background: Health inequality and its social determinants are well-studied, but the determinants of inequality of alcohol consumption are less well-investigated. Methods: The total differential approach of decomposition of changes in the concentration index of the probability of participation in alcohol consumption was applied to 8-year longitudinal data for Swedish women aged 28-76 in 1988/89. Re

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) stem cells appear resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in vitro, but their impact and drug sensitivity in vivo has not been systematically assessed. We prospectively analyzed the proportion of Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemic stem cells (LSCs, Ph+CD34+CD38=) and progenitor cells (LPCs, Ph+CD34+CD38+) from 46 newly diagnosed CML patients both at the

Despite the wide diversity of available solar technologies, solar energy systems are still not considered as main stream technologies in building practice. This may be attributed to several factors such as lack of awareness and knowledge among architects, lack of tools supporting the design process, and lack of solar products designed for building integration. In order to address these issues, the

The water vapor interface of aqueous solutions of succinic acid, where pH values and bulk concentrations were varied, has been studied using surface sensitive X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. It was found that succinic acid has a considerably higher propensity to reside in the aqueous surface region than its deprotonated form, which is effectively dep

The Arctic land area has warmed by > 1 A degrees C in the last 30 years and there is evidence that this has led to increased productivity and stature of tundra vegetation and reduced albedo, effecting a positive (amplifying) feedback to climate warming. We applied an individual-based dynamic vegetation model over the Arctic forced by observed climate and atmospheric CO2 for 1980-2006. Averaged ove

Family caregivers experience both positive and negative reactions in caregiving situations. There has been considerably less published about the positive aspects, however. The general aim of this study was to explore a previously developed instrument to study rewards gained by caregivers and to determine the factors associated with satisfaction in family members caring for patients with dementia l

Abstract in French Le but de l’étude présente est de démontrer que la distinction entre le langage plastique et le langage iconique, introduite par Floch et Groupe µ, reste utile, à condition de la faire subir une série de modifications : d’abord, il ne faut pas parler du langage iconique, mais du langage pictural, parce que l’iconicité peut très se retrouver aussi bien du côté plastique. Ensuite,The task of the present study is to establish the useful of the distinction between plastic language and iconic language, as introduced by Floch and the Groupe µ, with the proviso that it has to be changed in a number of ways. To begin with, we should not talk about iconic language, but rather about a pictorial one, because iconicity is a much broader concept, and just as probably may found on the

GEANT4 is a Monte Carlo code originally implemented for high-energy physics applications and is well known for particle transport at high energies. The capacity of GEANT4 to simulate neutron transport in the thermal energy region is not equally well known. The aim of this article is to compare MCNP, a code commonly used in low energy neutron transport calculations and GEANT4 with experimental resu

The ForSAFE model, designed for modelling biogeochemical cycles (water, acidity, base cation, nitrogen and carbon) in terrestrial ecosystems, was modified with a vegetation response module (VEG), incorporating the effects of: nitrogen pollution, acidification, soil moisture, temperature, wind chill exposure, light and shading by trees, grazing by animals, competition between plants, above ground f

This study explores the relationships among U.S. public and non-profit organizations against the backdrop of the assistance they rendered to news media in Eastern European countries between 1989 and 1995. Ideological and administrative goals and strategies used by organizations such as the Department of State, the USAID, and the USIA, the International Media Fund, the Soros Foundations, the Freedo