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Cross-sectional study on the prevalence and predictors of pregnancy among women living in HIV discordant relationships in a rural Rakai cohort, Uganda

Objectives: This study examines the prevalence of pregnancy in serodiscordant couples and identifies predictors associated with pregnancy in rural Rakai, Uganda. Study design A population-based cross-sectional study that used data from the Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS). Setting and participants: We used data from the RCCS survey round 17 (2015-2016), which included 488 women in serodiscordan

Cycling environmental perception in Beijing – A study of residents’ attitudes towards future cycling and car purchasing

This study focuses on three groups: cyclists, non-cyclists, and non-car owners and examines the significance of the perceived cycling environment, current travel behavior, urban form and socio-demographic variables for the respondents’ attitudes towards future cycling and car purchasing. The paper uses survey data (N = 1427) collected in eight Beijing neighborhoods. The analysis is carried out by

The built environment and the frequency of cycling trips by urban elderly : Insights from Zhongshan, China

As a form of active transport, cycling provides significant health benefits to the elderly. Among voluminous active transport-related literature, few studies have investigated the correlates of the cycling activity of urban elderly. This study explored the effects of individual, household, and built environment attributes on the frequency of cycling trips by urban elderly, with data collected from

The impact of governance on teaching excellence in academic microcultures

Torgny Roxå and Katarina Mårtensson note that the achievement of teaching excellence is intrinsically linked with organizational structures that recognize and reward excellence. They suggest that understanding organizational structures is important in the extent to which they have the potential to either promote or jeopardize excellence. Using the three principles for governance – collegial, manag

Cardiovascular disease-related hospitalization and mortality among persons with von Willebrand disease : A nationwide register study in Sweden

Introduction: It has been hypothesized that persons with von Willebrand disease (VWD) may be protected against arterial thrombosis despite having atherosclerosis. Aim: To calculate a nationwide estimate of the absolute and comparative burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospitalization and mortality among persons with VWD using birthdate and sex-matched comparisons from the general population i

Incremental clinical utility of continuous performance tests in childhood ADHD – an evidence-based assessment approach

Despite extensive research on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), there are still uncertainties regarding the clinical utility of different ADHD assessment methods. This study aimed to examine the incremental clinical utility of Conners’ continuous performance test (CPT) II and QbTest in diagnostic assessments and treatment monitoring of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Faculty Development for Educational Leadership

The chapter describes five examples of dedicated faculty development trajectories for educational leadership in research-intensive universities, focusing on their nature and effects. After discussing and elaborating on the concept of ‘educational leadership’, the chapter portrays and compares professional development trajectories for educational leadership in five research-intensive universities:

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome : clinical presentation, aetiology and management

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a variant of cardiovascular autonomic disorder characterized by an excessive heart rate increase on standing and orthostatic intolerance. POTS affects younger individuals 15–45 years old with a distinct female predominance (≈80%). The prevalence ranges between 0.2% and 1.0% in developed countries. The onset of POTS is typically precipitated by im

Intermediate-Term Outcome After Distal Radius Fracture in Patients With Poor Outcome at 1 Year : A Register Study With a 2- to 12-Year Follow-Up

Purpose: Most patients recover well from a distal radius fracture (DRF). However, approximately one-fifth have severe disability after 1 year when evaluated using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. In the present study, we evaluated this subgroup of patients in our register with an inferior outcome. We hypothesized that the patient-reported outcome would improve

Clearing directed subgraphs by mobile agents : Variations on covering with paths

We study several problems of clearing subgraphs by mobile agents in digraphs. The agents can move only along directed walks of a digraph and, depending on the variant, their initial positions may be pre-specified. In general, for a given subset S of vertices of a digraph D and a positive integer k, the objective is to determine whether there is a subgraph H=(VH,AH) of D such that (a) S⊆VH, (b) H i

Tailored chemical mechanisms for simulation of urban air pollution

A semi-stochastic, statistical reduction method for chemical kinetic schemes based on the ant colony optimization method, is developed for atmospheric chemistry simulations. The prime application is coupled dynamic and chemistry models for simulation of the dispersion and reactivity of chemical species on street scale, i.e. the modelling of urban air pollution in street canyons. The method is desi

Effect of solubility limitation on hygroscopic growth and cloud drop activation of SOA particles produced from traffic exhausts

Hygroscopicity measurements of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles often show inconsistent results between the supersaturated and subsaturated regimes, with higher activity as cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) than indicated by hygroscopic growth. In this study, we have investigated the discrepancy between the two regimes in the Lund University (LU) smog chamber. Various anthropogenic SOA wer

Memory Image Completion : Establishing a task to behaviorally assess pattern completion in humans

For memory retrieval, pattern completion is a crucial process that restores memories from partial or degraded cues. Neurocognitive aging models suggest that the aged memory system is biased toward pattern completion, resulting in a behavioral preference for retrieval over encoding of memories. Here, we built on our previously developed behavioral recognition memory paradigm—the Memory Image Comple