In 1963 the legislation on liquidation of entailed estates entered into force to liquidate the existing Swedish entailed estates. The entailed estates are to be liquidated when the last proprietor decease in accordance with Paragraph 3 of the legislation. Despite the principle rule, there is an exception in which an entailed estate doesn’t have to liquidate if it has an exceptional cultural value

Under början av 1900-talet var illegala aborter ett samhällsproblem i Sverige. Fosterfördrivning var straffbelagt, kvinnor som blivit ovilligt gravida stod därför inför valet att antingen föda barnet eller genomföra abort på egen hand. År 1939 trädde den första lagen på området, lagen om avbrytande av havandeskap, 1938 års lag, i kraft. Lagen tillämpades mycket restriktivt och antalet illegala aboIllegal abortions were a social issue in Sweden during the 20th century. Abortions were punishable, and therefore a woman who became pregnant against her will stood before the choice of either unwillingly giving birth or carrying out an abortion on her own. In 1939 the first law on abortions came into force. The law was restrictively interpreted and the number of illegal abortions continued to inc

Detta arbete handlar om hur en typ av brottslighet som beskrivs i kriminologin, nätverksbaserad brottslighet, är problematisk för straffrättens individualistiska utgångspunkter. Uppsatsen presenterar vissa översiktliga idéer som eventuellt skulle kunna bidra till en lösning av svårigheterna. Syftet är dock inte att tillhandahålla en lösning, utan att ge en fördjupad problematisering. Finns ett proThe subject of this essay is if, and how, the form of criminal activity that is described in modern criminology as network-based crime is a problem for the individualism which modern Swedish criminal law is founded upon. This essay outlines some overarching ideas which might potentially help solve the problem. However, the purpose is not to bring a solution to the problem but to provide a deepened

Sociala medier har på senare år vuxit fram som populära kommunikationskanaler där användarna delar innehåll med varandra. Bland dessa framställningar finns vissa kommersiella meddelanden som privatpersoner producerat på uppdrag av näringsidkare, en marknadsföringsmetod med benämningen influencer marketing. Problemet är att det kommersiella syftet inte alltid framgår tydligt nog vilket utgör ett viSocial media has in recent years emerged as popular communication channels where users share content with each other. Part of this content are some commercial messages that private individuals produce on behalf of traders, a marketing method called influencer marketing. The problem to be dealt with is that the commercial purpose does not always appear which constitutes a misleading of consumers. T

Den komplicerade utvidgade fåmansföretagsdefinitionen i 57 kap. 3 § har under 2018 ändrats för första gången sedan 2002. Lagändringen skedde till följd av HFD 2017 ref. 1 och sätter den senaste punkten för den följetongen som varit den utvidgade fåmansföretagsdefintionen sedan 1990. Den utvidgade fåmansföretagsdefintionen medför att större delägarstyrda bolag där verksamheten bedrivs gemensamt tThe complicated extended close company definition in the 57th chapter, 3 § of the Swedish income tax law has under 2018 been updated for the first time since 2002. The change was made after it was discovered in HFD 2017 ref. 1 that the previous paragraph had been rendered obsolete and sets the last period in the series that is the extended close company definition. The extended close company defi

I Sverige är det idag inte tillåtet med anonym vittnesbevisning från privatpersoner men detta kan komma att ändras i framtiden. Denna uppsats ämnar reda ut hur anonyma vittnesmål förhåller sig till centrala processuella principer i den svenska rätten samt vilken inverkan dessa vittnesmål skulle ha på rättssäkerheten i Sverige om de skulle bli tillåtna. Uppsatsen fokuserar främst på vittnen i broCurrently Sweden doesn’t allow witnesses to appear in court anonymously although some factors indicate that this might be possible in the future. This thesis aims to examine the compatibility between anonymous witnesses and central principles in the Swedish court procedure. The thesis also intends to analyse the impact a new witness regulation, with the possibility to testify anonymously, would ha

Under hösten 2017 rasade det så kallade #metoo-uppropet i Sverige, och vittnesmål efter vittnesmål gavs bilden av hur sexuella trakasserier förekommer i tysthet på våra arbetsplatser. Diskussionen, som alltjämt pågår om än med lägre intensitet, har sagts kunna komma att utgöra ett paradigmskifte för vad som ska anses vara ett accepterat beteende på arbetsplatsen, och att det skulle vara svårt att During the Autumn of 2017, the #metoo movement sprung across Sweden with a deafening amount of testimonies of sexual harassment taking place in the quiet on work places across the country. The debate that started in the wake of this movement is still going on, albeit with less intensity, has been said to constitute a paradigm as to what kind of behaviors we will accept in our future working enviro

Befinner du dig berusad på en allmän plats i Sverige har polisen rätt att omhänderta dig enligt Lag om omhändertagande av berusade personer (LOB). Kraven för ett sådant omhändertagande är att du är tillräckligt berusad för att vara till fara för dig själv eller för din omgivning samt att omhändertagandet inte väcker stor olägenhet för den enskilde. Lagen är tänkt fungera som en vårdinsats både förIf you are found drunk in a public place in Sweden, the police have the right to dispose of you in accordance with Lag om omhändertagande av berusade personer (LOB). The requirement for such disposal is that you are sufficiently intoxicated at the risk of your own our others safety. The law is supposed to serve as a care effort for heavy drinkers, but also as a safety net for others. By a law chan

Under de senaste årtiondena har samhället förändrats och idag är samboförhållandet en vanlig samlevnadsform i både Sverige och Finland. Trots liknande rättskultur, skiljer sig sambors efterlevandeskydd åt i dessa länder. Syftet med denna uppsats är i första hand att, mot bakgrund av sambolagstiftningen i Sverige och Finland, redogöra för likheter och skillnader gällande sambors efterlevandeskydd iIn recent decades, society has changed and today, the cohabitee relationship is a common form of cohabitation in both Sweden and Finland. Despite similar legal culture, the survivor’s protection of cohabitees differs in these countries. The purpose of this essay is firstly, in the light of the legislation for cohabitees in Sweden and Finland, to describe similarities and differences regarding the

An aminoglycoside in combination with a beta-lactam antibiotic is often recommended for the treatment of severe infections. The aim of the present study was to study whether cefuroxime-induced endotoxin release could be reduced by addition of tobramycin in different Gram-negative bacteria and how endotoxin release was affected by bacterial killing rate and number of killed bacteria. Three Escheric

Popular Abstract in Swedish I kopplingsanalys, eller i en något mera generell mening vid genletning, så söker man efter sjukdomsgener längs ett genom. Här kan man tolka ett genom som en mängd av hela, eller bitar av, olika kromosomer. Med avseende på en mängd sammanhängande flergenerationella släkter så observerar man då, längs genomets kromosombitar, markördata, dvs genotyper bestående av nedärvdIn linkage analysis or, in a wider sense, gene mapping one searches for disease loci along a genome. This is done by observing so called marker genotypes (alleles) and phenotypes (affecteds/unaffecteds) of a pedigree set, i.e. a set of multigenerational families, in order to locate the loci corresponding to the underlying disease genes or, at least, to narrow down the interesting genome regions. I

During the early 1990s, a novel style of programming often referred to as component-oriented programming quickly grew popular as the state-of-the-art in graphical user interface and client/server development on Windows-based personal computers, largely in competition with object-oriented programming, a partly similar, partly different programming paradigm, with which component-orientation is often

Ecosystems along the 0degreesC mean annual isotherm are arguably among the most sensitive to changing climate and mires in these regions emit significant amounts of the important greenhouse gas methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. These CH4 emissions are intimately related to temperature and hydrology, and alterations in permafrost coverage, which affect both of those, could have dramatic impacts on t

In October 1992, severe dilatation of the right atrium was detected in a 35 week foetus. The septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve seemed to be displaced distally causing massive tricuspid regurgitation. The diagnosis of Ebstein's anomaly was made and confirmed after birth. Refractory right heart failure occurred at the age of 10 months and the little girl was operated. At surgery, the right atriu

Several receptors activated by extracellular nucleotides (ATP, ADP, UTP and UDP) have recently been cloned. These P2 receptors mediate a multitude of cardiovascular effects such as positive inotropic effects in the heart, platelet aggregation, release of endothelial factors, growth stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cells, vasomotor effects and blood pressure regulation. The physiological and p

Objectives: With the introduction of sildenafil citrate (VIAGRA (TM)), the concept of phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibition has gained tremendous interest in the field of urology. Cyclic nucleotide second messengers cGMP and cAMP have been assumed to be involved in the control of the normal function of the prostate. The aim of the present study was to evaluate by means of immunohistochemistry the exp

Several studies have used artificial neural networks (NNs) to estimate local or regional recipitation/rainfall on the basis of relationships with coarse-resolution atmospheric variables. None of these experiments satisfactorily reproduced temporal intermittency and variability in rainfall. We attempt to improve performance by using two approaches: (1) couple two NNs in series, the first to determi

Transplantation of embryonic human neural tissue can restore dopamine neurotransmission and improve neurological function in patients with Parkinson's disease. Logistical and ethical factors limit the availability of human embryonic allogeneic tissue. Embryonic xenogeneic neural tissue from porcine donors is an alternative form of donor tissue, but effective immunomodulatory techniques are warrant

Popular Abstract in Swedish Modelleringsarbetet utvecklat i denna avhandling, kan delas in i två huvudområden: självantändning i ottomotorer, samt förbränning och emissioner i dieselmotorer. En första version av ett motorsimuleringsprogram med detaljerad kemisk kinetik, utökad för att innefatta full-cykel beräkningar, användes för att visa den starka påverkan som kväveoxider i restgaser har på sjThe modeling work developed in this thesis can be divided in two main areas of investigations: autoignition related to spark ignition engine and combustion and emissions formation in relation to diesel engines. A first version of a detailed kinetics engine simulation program, extended to handle full cycle calculations, was employed in order to demonstrate the strong effect that nitric oxide from