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Throughout the Cold War Sweden pursued a declared policy of nonalignment. Sweden nevertheless established security links with a number of Western powers, first of all Britain and the US. The most extensive links were developed in two areas - military technology and intelligence. Intelligence liaison was of crucial importance for the security of non-aligned Sweden, but also significant for the majo
The aim of this study was to evaluate the understanding of the term central terminal (CT) and to consider the consequences of this level of understanding. A total of 150 questionnaires was distributed during the 30th International Congress of Electrocardiology 2003, Helsinki, Finland; 42 (28%) of the anonymous questionnaires returned were considered adequate for the purpose of this study. The ques
Anti-GBM disease is a rare autoimmune condition characterized by autoantibodies targeting the alpha 3 chain non-collagen 1 domain of type IV collagen (alpha 3(IV)NC1). Recently, we isolated IgG reacting with alpha 3(IV)NC1 from normal healthy human sera. The current study examined the antigen and epitope specificity of these natural autoantibodies (NAA) using recombinant human alpha 1, 3, 5(IV)NC1
The Internet offers a plethora of venues for autobiographical self-representation: webcams, personal websites, blogs. There is much research on self-representation online, whereas very little research has focused on the consumption of online self-representation. This article focuses on the act of reading diary blogs. Who are the actual readers of a specific blog and what values do they place on th
Background : Reduced taste and smell, chewing problems and swallowing dysfunction are common among elderly people and affect perception, food choice and the ability to eat. Objective : To study the preference for texture-modified carrot and meat products in elderly people aiming to meet the needs of people with impaired chewing and/or swallowing. Design : Data were collected using questionnaires
Geological evidence from the Late Cretaceous continental interior of the Vilui Basin, Siberia suggests a far wetter, warmer, and more equable annual climate than General Circulation Models (GCMs) can reproduce. The disparity cannot be bridged by the uncertainties inherent in either the models or the geological climate proxies. This implies the mismatch is genuine and that either 1) we have systema
Batch and continuous reactors inoculated with white-rot fungi were operated in order to study decolorization of textile dyes. Synthetic wastewater containing either Reactive Blue 4 (a blue anthraquinone dye) or Reactive Red 2 (a red azo dye) was used during the first part of the study while real wastewater from a textile industry in Tanzania was used in the later part. Trametes versicolor was show
There are still divergent opinions regarding the pharmacodynamic effects of ketamine on the brain. In this study, the cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) and electroencephalographic (EEG) activity were sequentially assessed over 80 min in 17 normoventilated pigs following rapid i.v. infusions of anaesthetic (10.0 mg.kg-1; n = 7) or subanaesthetic (2.0 mg.kg-1; n =
Despite declining incidence rates, gastric cancer (GC) is a major cause of death worldwide. Its aetiology may involve dietary antioxidant micronutrients such as carotenoids and tocopherols. The objective of this study was to determine the association of plasma levels of seven common carotenoids, their total plasma concentration, retinol and alpha- and gamma-tocopherol, with the risk of gastric ade
A resonant tunneling transistor was manufactured by integrating a self-aligned metallic gate 30 nm above and 100 nm below resonant tunneling diodes. The Schottky depletion around the gate controls the current to a confined vertical channel with a conduction area in the range of 100x100 nm. Due to the three-dimensional asymmetric placement of the gate with respect to the tunneling diodes, modulatio
The enrichment of Fe, relative to alpha elements such as O and Mg, represents a potential means to measure the ages of quasi-stellar object (QSO) host galaxies and probe nucleosynthesis in the early universe. QSOs exhibit prominent Fe II features and Mg II 2800 angstrom resonance doublet emission in the ultraviolet. Although chemical evolutionary models predict that the Fe/Mg abundance ratio decre
Dysfunction in various parts of immune defence, such as immune response, immune complex clearance, and inflammation, has an impact on pathogenesis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We hypothesised that combinations of common variants of genes involved in these immune functions are associated with susceptibility to SLE. The following variants were analysed: HLA DR3, HLA DQ2, C4AQ0, Fcgamma rec
Production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) is an important part of the inflammatory response, but prolonged elevated levels of ROS/RNS as under chronic inflammation can contribute to the development of disease. Monitoring ROS/RNS in living animals is challenging due to the rapid turnover of ROS/RNS and the limited sensitivity and specificity of ROS/RNS probes. We have explored th
We have investigated possible signaling pathways coupled to injury-induced ERK1/2 activation and the subsequent initiation of vascular rat smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. Aortic smooth muscle cells were cultured to confluency and subjected to in vitro injury under serum-free conditions. In fluo-4-loaded cells, injury induced a rapid wave of intracellular Ca(2+) release that propaga
We describe a statistical measure, Mass Distance Fingerprint, for automatic de novo detection of predominant peptide mass distances, i.e., putative protein modifications. The method's focus is to globally detect mass differences, not to assign peptide sequences or modifications to individual spectra. The Mass Distance Fingerprint is calculated from high accuracy measured peptide masses. For the da
Nonaqueous CE (NACE) methodology was developed for the separation and determination of phosphatidylethanol (Peth), a new biomarker of ethanol intake. Peth is an abnormal phospholipid formed in cell membranes only in the presence of ethanol, via the transphosphatidylation reaction of phospholipase D. The NACE separation medium consisted of 80 mM ammonium acetate in 50% ACN, 33% 2-propanol, 12% hexa
Previous studies of high-risk breast cancer families have proposed that two major breast cancer-susceptibility genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, may account for at least two-thirds of all hereditary breast cancer. We have screened index cases from 106 Scandinavian (mainly southern Swedish) breast cancer and breast-ovarian cancer families for germ-line mutations in all coding exons of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 gen
The interference between vascular plants and peat mosses with respect to nitrogen and phosphorus was studied in a fertilization experiment and with respect to competition for light in a removal experiment in poor fens with either soligenous or topogenous hydrology using Narthecium ossifragum (L.) Huds. and three species of Sphagnum sect. Sphagnum as targets. Adding fertilizer either on the moss su
The combination of quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods is one of the most promising approaches to study the structure, function and properties of proteins. The number of QM/MM applications on metalloproteins is steadily increasing, especially studies with density functional methods on redox-active metal centres. Recent developments include new parameterised methods to treat c
