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A review of femtosecond laser-induced emission techniques for combustion and flow field diagnostics

The applications of femtosecond lasers to the diagnostics of combustion and flow field have recently attracted increasing interest. Many novel spectroscopic methods have been developed in obtaining non-intrusive measurements of temperature, velocity, and species concentrations with unprecedented possibilities. In this paper, several applications of femtosecond-laser-based incoherent techniques in

Worse breast cancer prognosis in insulin treated diabetic patients - A population based registry study in Sweden

Background. Diabetes may be linked to incidence of different tumor diseases and prognosis through various mechanisms such as the disease itself, hyperglycemia, obesity and anti-diabetes therapy. Material and methods. The study includes all women with BC diagnosed in Sweden between 2000 through 2008 (n=54406). The women had no previous cancer diagnosis during the period of 1958-1999. Dates of birth

Fluorine Abundances in the Globular Cluster M4

We present chemical abundances for the elements carbon, sodium, and fluorine in 15 red giants of the globular cluster M4, as well as six red giants of the globular cluster ω Centauri. The chemical abundances were calculated in LTE via spectral synthesis. The spectra analyzed are high-resolution spectra obtained in the near-infrared region around 2.3 μm with the Phoenix spectrograph on the 8.1 m Ge

Association of Arsenic Exposure with Whole Blood DNA Methylation : An Epigenome-Wide Study of Bangladeshi Adults

BACKGROUND: Arsenic exposure affects [Formula: see text] people worldwide, including [Formula: see text] in Bangladesh. Arsenic exposure increases the risk of cancer and other chronic diseases, and one potential mechanism of arsenic toxicity is epigenetic dysregulation. OBJECTIVE: We assessed associations between arsenic exposure and genome-wide DNA methylation measured at baseline among 396 Bangl

Jupiter's Formation in the Vicinity of the Amorphous Ice Snowline

Argon, krypton, xenon, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus have all been measured and found to be enriched by a quasi uniform factor in the 2-4 range, compared to their protosolar values, in the atmosphere of Jupiter. To elucidate the origin of these volatile enrichments, we investigate the possibility of an inward drift of particles made of amorphous ice and adsorbed volatiles, and their abi

Urban sanitation and the decline of mortality

This paper introduces a special issue of The History of the Family on sanitation and urban mortality. The special issue contains papers which focus on the impact of sanitary reforms on mortality change in Australia, Switzerland, Finland, Sweden, and England and Wales. The current paper outlines the main features of the debate over the causes of mortality change and the role played by sanitary refo

Tidal stripping as a mechanism for placing globular clusters on wide orbits : The case of MGC1 in M31

The globular clusters of large spiral galaxies can be divided into two populations: one that formed in situ and one that comprises clusters tidally stripped away from other galaxies. In this paper, we investigate the contribution to the outer globular cluster population in the M31 galaxy through donation of clusters from dwarf galaxies. We test this numerically by comparing the contribution of glo

Autoantibodies common in patients with gastrointestinal diseases are not found in patients with endometriosis : A cross-sectional study

Objectives: Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in endometriosis, but the mechanisms behind these symptoms are yet poorly understood. Associations between endometriosis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, and various autoimmune diseases have been reported. These diseases express characteristic autoantibodies. The aim of the current study was to investigate autoantibodies against g

Paralinguistic Information and Biological Codes in Intra- and Interspecific Vocal Communication: A pilot study of Humans and Domestic Cats

This pilot study is an attempt to explore how fundamental frequency (f0) as an acoustic correlate to paralinguistic infor- mation and biological codes are em- ployed in interspecific vocal communi- cation. Measures of f0 in human (Homo sapiens) and domestic cat (Felis catus) intra- and interspecific communication were compared. Results showed higher mean f0 in interspecific than intraspe- cific ut

Lipid Bilayer-like Mixed Self-Assembled Monolayers with Strong Mobility and Clustering-Dependent Lectin Affinity

Glycans at the surface of cellular membranes modulate biological activity via multivalent association with extracellular messengers. The lack of tuneable simplified models mimicking this dynamic environment complicates basic studies of these phenomena. We here present a series of mixed reversible self-assembled monolayers (rSAMs) that addresses this deficiency. Mixed rSAMs were prepared in water b