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Peg-IFN and ribavirin treatment for recurrence of genotype 2 and 3 hepatitis C after liver transplantation

Background: Relapse of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection after liver transplantation (LT) is universal. Tolerance for treatment with pegylated-interferon (peg-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) is suboptimal and withdrawals due to adverse events frequent. We sought to improve tolerance for treatment to improve outcome. Methods: We used concentration-guided RBV dosing to achieve an intended 10 mu mol/L conce

High maternal body mass index increases the risk of neonatal early onset group B streptococcal disease

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse the occurrence of neonatal early onset group B streptococcal (EOGBS) disease relative to maternal body mass index (BMI). Method: A cohort of Swedish parturients with an early pregnancy BMI registered was investigated. Data were retrieved from population-based registers during 1997-2001, (n = 344 127, elective caesarean section excluded). Medical reco

Inflammation, Plaque Vulnerability and Cardiovascular Risk

Acute cardiovascular events, most commonly caused by rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, lie behind one third of all deaths worldwide. Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of large and medium sized arteries driven by retention of lipid in the arterial wall. Inflammatory activity in the plaque is believed to be an important driving force behind plaque progression and rupture. However it is

Integration pågår

Medan unga malmöbor ofta möts över kulturgränser, träffar knappt varannan sjuttioåring någon från en annan kultur. Även om utrymmet för mångfald tycks ha sina gränser och attityderna är polariserade, får ytterligheterna allt svagare stöd.

A functional variant of the NEDD4L gene is associated with beneficial treatment response with β-blockers and diuretics in hypertensive patients.

OBJECTIVE: The capability of the protein NEDD4L to reduce renal tubular expression of epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) is influenced by a functional rs4149601 G→A NEDD4L polymorphism. As diuretics and β-blockers inhibit renal sodium reabsorption and renin release, respectively, we hypothesized that the β-blocker or diuretic-induced blood pressure reduction and prevention of cardiovascular disease wou

Hypoxia-Related Processes in the Baltic Sea

Hypoxia, a growing worldwide problem, has been intermittently present in the modern Baltic Sea since its formation ca. 8000 cal. yr BP. However, both the spatial extent and intensity of hypoxia have increased with anthropogenic eutrophication due to nutrient inputs. Physical processes, which control stratification and the renewal of oxygen in bottom waters, are important constraints on the formati

Detecting prostate cancer metastases - PET/CT and the sentinel node technique

Popular Abstract in Swedish Prostatacancer är idag den vanligast diagnostiserade cancerformen i Sverige. De flesta nya fallen som upptäcks är lokaliserade till prostatan och kan i hög utsträckning botas med antingen operation eller strålbehandling. För en del män har dock prostatacancern hunnit sprida sig redan vid diagnos och då är chansen till bot mycket liten. Vid utbredd spridning, så kallad mProstate cancer is one of the most common malignancies. Its treatment is highly dependent on the presence or absence of metastases. The available invasive and non-invasive modalities for detecting metastases are imperfect. Positron-emission tomography fused with computed tomography (PET/CT) is a non-invasive method for detecting metastases that is presently evaluated for prostate cancer. Fluoride

Bacterial growth and respiration responses upon rewetting dry forest soils: Impact of drought-legacy

Longer periods of drought and droughts of higher intensity are expected to become increasingly frequent with future climate change. This has implications for the microbially mediated turnover of soil organic matter (SOM), which will feedback to the global C cycle. In this study, we addressed the microbial dynamics underlying the pulse of respiration following rewetting of dry soil, and how the dro

Whose risks? Gender and the ranking of hazards

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine if gendered differences in risk perception automatically mean that women and men rank the hazards of their community differently, focusing any risk reduction measures on the priority risks of only part of the population. Design/methodology/approach - The study applies survey research through structured personal interviews in three municipalities in

European Integration and Prime Ministerial Power: A Differential Impact on Cabinet Reshuffles in Germany and Sweden

It is commonly assumed that European integration empowers prime ministers at the expense of cabinet ministers and parliamentary actors. This article follows the suggestion that an increase in cabinet reshuffles indicates power shifts in favour of the PM, and studies reshuffles in two countries that have been involved very differently in the process of European integration, Germany and Sweden. It h

Identification of novel candidate genes associated with cleft lip and palate using array comparative genomic hybridisation

Aim and method: We analysed DNA samples isolated from individuals born with cleft lip and cleft palate to identify deletions and duplications of candidate gene loci using array comparative genomic hybridisation (array-CGH). Results: Of 83 syndromic cases analysed we identified one subject with a previously unknown 2.7 Mb deletion at 22q11.21 coinciding with the DiGeorge syndrome region. Eighteen o

Surgical stress response after colorectal resection.

Abstract The human body's response to surgery is correlated with the extent of tissue damage. The aim of the present study was to, over time, map out parameters concerning inflammation, metabolism, nutrition, breathing function, muscle strength, and well-being in elective colorectal surgery. Eighteen patients were prospectively included: colon resection (n = 9) and rectum resection/amputation (n =

The influence of hemicelluloses during the precipitation of lignin in kraft black liquor

Removing lignin from black liquor is one way of recovering valuable organic substances for alternative use as well as reducing the energy surplus in a modern, energy-optimised kraft pulp mill. By using the recently developed "LignoBoost" process it is possible to upgrade black liquor streams of different origin to form valuable chemicals. In this investigation a combination of membrane filtration

Linear Precoders for Parallell Gaussian Channels with Low Decoding Complexity

Consider the transmission of complex-valued symbols over N parallell channels in additive white Gaussian noise. It is well known that linear precoding of the complex-valued data improves system performance (e. g. symbol error rate, information rate, MMSE, etc.) at a cost of increased decoding complexity at the receiver. This work constructs precoders that are constrained to have a decoding complex

Assessment of fine-scale plant species beta diversity using WorldView-2 satellite spectral dissimilarity

Plant species beta diversity is influenced by spatial heterogeneity in the environment. This heterogeneity can potentially be characterised with the help of remote sensing. We used WorldView-2 satellite data acquired over semi-natural grasslands on The Baltic island of Öland (Sweden) to examine whether dissimilarities in remote sensing response were related to fine-scale, between-plot dissimilarit

Efficient high-order harmonic generation boosted by below-threshold harmonics.

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in gases has been established as an important technique for the generation of coherent extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses at ultrashort time scales. Its main drawback, however, is the low conversion efficiency, setting limits for many applications, such as ultrafast coherent imaging, nonlinear processes in the XUV range, or seeded free electron lasers. Here we in

Exposure to Metalworking Fluid Aerosols and Determinants of Exposure

Metalworking fluid (MWF) aerosols are associated with respiratory disorders including asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The aims of this study were to describe exposure to inhalable MWF aerosols and volatile compounds in machine shops, to estimate the influence of important determinants of exposure and to compare different sampling techniques for MWF aerosols. Personal full-shift air sample

No diagnostic value of plasma clusterin in Alzheimer's disease.

There is an urgent need for biomarkers to enable early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has recently been shown that a variant within the clusterin gene is associated with increased risk of AD and plasma levels of clusterin have been found to be associated with the risk of AD. We, therefore, investigated the diagnostic value of clusterin by quantifying clusterin using an ELISA in plasma f