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Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen behandlar användandet av faltnings koder och Turbo koder för felkorrigering i radio system. Design av koder, avkodare samt metoder för återtransmission behandlas, i syfte att förbättra trafikkapaciteten i digitala radionätverk. Mer specifikt diskuteras design av låg-takts Turbo koder för spritt-spektrum fleranvändarsystem, list sekvens avkodning av länkade New wireless services such as mobile Internet, multimedia streaming and high speed packet data access are making their way to the market. Availability of low-cost equipment providing high transmission quality and efficient spectrum utilization is crucial to the success of these services. This thesis is a collection of papers that address an important step in this direction: efficient error control

In this study, two different methods of estimating cell proliferation were compared: cell loss and potential growth rate of xenografted head and neck cancer grown in nude mice based on the detection of DNA incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) in one method, and [3H]thymidine ([3H]TdR) in the other. The 21-d-old xenografts were labelled in vivo, either with BrdUrd or [3H]TdR and excised at i

Photoinduced electron injection from the sensitizer Ru(dcbpy)2(NCS)2 (RuN3) into SnO2 and TiO2 nanocrystalline films occurs by two distinct channels on the femto- and picosecond time scales. The faster electron injection into the conduction band of the different semiconductors originates from the initially excited singlet state of RuN3, and occurs in competition with intersystem crossing. The rate

Popular Abstract in Swedish Läkaren har en viktig roll när det gäller att tillförsäkra människor vård på lika villkor. Mötet mellan läkaren och patienten präglas alltid av maktobalans. Studier världen över visar att invandrarpatienter är en sårbar grupp eftersom invandrare generellt har sämre tillgång till vård, sämre förutsättningar för hälsa och sämre hälsotillstånd jämfört med majoritetspopulatPhysician and patient do not meet as equals in the consultation. It is the responsibility of the physician to actively work for better communication in order to provide equitable health care for all individuals. Immigrant patients are a vulnerable group, shown in studies all over the world to have less access to care, fewer opportunities for health, and poorer health compared to majority populatio

Adsorption of formic acid (HCOOH) on ZnO() surfaces has been investigated by means of quantum-chemical ab initio periodic Hartree–Fock calculations. One ‘bridging' structure, characterized by a formate anion symmetrically bonded via its two oxygens to two surface Zn atoms and the acidic proton bound to a surface oxygen, and two ‘unidentate' structures, characterized by one Znsurf–Oads bond and the

Bark lesions on beech are mostly caused by frost damage and/or insect and fungal infections. Liming, treatment with wood ash and N-fertilization were hypothesised to affect this type of damage. The frost sensitivity was measured as an index of injury, calculated from electrolytic leakage of bark samples. Samples were taken from the same trees in August and November at five sites. Two sites had bee

Phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) is an important component of insulin and cAMP-dependent signalling pathways. In order to study phosphorylation of PDE3B, we have used an adenoviral system to express recombinant flag-tagged PDE3B in primary rat adipocytes and H4IIE hepatoma cells. Phosphorylation of PDE3B after treatment of cells with insulin, cAMP-increasing agents, or the phosphatase inhibitor, calyc

A Holocene lake sediment record is presented from Lake N14 situated on Angissoq island 15 km off the main coast of southern Greenland. The palaeoclimatic development has been interpreted on the basis of flux and percentage content of biogenic silica, clastic material, organic material and sulphur as well as sedimentation rate, moss content and magnetic susceptibility. A total of 43 radiocarbon dat

Background: Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of several complications of prematurity. The glutathione cycle is one of the most important intracellular antioxidant systems. The synthesis of glutathione may not be adequate in preterm neonates because of the low levels of cysteine available. The aim of this study was to evaluate cysteine and glutathione metabolism during the first w

The mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) is a potential pathogenic mechanism in neurodegeneration. Varying sensitivity to calcium-induced mPT has been demonstrated for regions within the CNS possibly correlating with vulnerability following insults. The spinal cord is selectively vulnerable in e.g. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and increased mPT sensitivity of mitochondria derived from the

Data from field experiments carried out in the swash zone on two Pacific beaches in Japan were analyzed to determine net sediment transport rates and the resulting foreshore response. The experiments involved artificial modification of the foreshore slope with a bulldozer, either making the slope steeper or milder, after which a wide range of measurements were performed as the slope evolved back t

This paper describes how attribute grammars can be used to integrate program visualization in language-based environments and how program visualizations can be specified and generated from grammars. It is discussed how a general solution for a simple grammar can be reused in grammars for other specific languages. As an example we show how diagram generation for a very simple state transition langu

High-spin states of the nucleus Lu-163 have been populated through the fusion-evaporation reaction La-139(Si-29, 5n) with a beam energy of 157 MeV. In addition to the two lowest excited triaxial strongly deformed (TSD) bands, recently interpreted as one- and two-phonon wobbling excitations, a third excited TSD band has been firmly established decaying to the yrast TSD band. The assignment of this

BACKGROUND: Four amino-acid-changing polymorphisms differentiate the blood group A and B alleles. Multiple missense mutations are associated with weak expression of A and B antigens but the structural changes causing subgroups have not been studied. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Individuals or families having serologically weak B antigen on their red cells were studied. Alleles were characterized by s

BACKGROUND: Female genital mutilation (FGM) is commonly practiced mainly in a belt reaching from East to West Africa north of the equator. The practice is known across socio-economic classes and among different ethnic, religious, and cultural groups. Few studies have been appropriately designed to measure the health effects of FGM. However, the outcome of FGM on intersex individuals has never been