We demonstrate experimentally and numerically that an x-ray prism made of beryllium can be used to disperse and monochromatize x-rays. A polished beryllium cuboid was employed as refractive and dispersive optics. The results of a proof-of-principle experiment and methods of performance optimization are presented. The spatial separation of undulator harmonics and their subsequent selection using a

Background: Marsupial syndactyly is a curious morphology of the foot found in all species of diprotodontian and peramelemorph marsupials. It is traditionally defined as a condition in which digits II and III of the foot are bound by skin and are reduced. Past treatments of marsupial syndactyly have not considered the implications of this unique morphology for broader issues of digit development an

This review summarises the evidence for the treatment of displaced fractures of the femoral neck in elderly patients. Results from randomised clinical trials and national register studies are presented when available. The advantages of arthroplasty compared with internal fixation are supported by several studies. A number of studies contribute to the discussions of total hip arthroplasty (THA) ver

Background. In SBRT of lung tumours no established relationship between dose-volume parameters and the incidence of lung toxicity is found. The aim of this study is to compare the LQ model and the universal survival curve (USC) to calculate biologically equivalent doses in SBRT to see if this will improve knowledge on this relationship. Material and methods. Toxicity data on radiation pneumonitis

The Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method developed by the USDA-Soil Conservation Service (SCS, 1972) is widely used for the estimation of direct runoff for a given rainfall event from small agricultural watersheds. The initial soil moisture plays an important role in re-structuring of the SCS-CN method and enables us to prevent unreasonable sudden jump in runoff estimation and th

Context. High-precision astrometric and radial-velocity observations require accurate modelling of stellar motions in order to extrapolate measurements over long time intervals, and to detect deviations from uniform motion caused, for example, by unseen companions. Aims. We aim to explore the simplest possible kinematic model of stellar motions, namely that of uniform rectilinear motion relative t

Heat transfer and flow characteristics of six ribbed channels of square cross section having different rib structure are computed with the objective of improving heat transfer in the lee-side of the ribs. Six ribs are installed on the bottom walls of each channel. The rib pitch-to-height ratio (P/e) is 10. Details of the turbulent flow structure, temperature fields, local heat transfer coefficient

We present the findings of our phenomenological interview study concerning the meaning of being an autonomous person while dependent on advanced medical technology at home. This was elucidated in the participants' narratives as befriending everyday life when bringing technology into the private sphere. We discovered four constituents of the phenomenon: befriending the lived body, depending on good

Suboptimal listening conditions interfere with listeners' on-line comprehension. A degraded source signal, noise that interferes with sound transmission, and/or listeners' cognitive or linguistic limitations are examples of adverse listening conditions. Few studies have explored the interaction of these factors in pediatric populations. Yet, they represent an increasing challenge in educational se

Pollination contributes to an estimated one third of global food production, through both the improvement of the yield and the quality of crops. Volatile compounds emitted by crop flowers mediate plant-pollinator interactions, but differences between crop varieties are still little explored. We investigated whether the visitation of crop flowers is determined by variety-specific flower volatiles u

Background/Aims: Thrombocytes have proved to be important for liver regeneration after liver resection in the experimental setting. The aim of our study is to examine the effects of thrombocytes on liver hypertrophy after portal vein embolization (PVE). Methodology: This retrospective cohort study comprised 75 patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer subjected to PVE in preparation fo

Although it is widely accepted that honeybees use the polarized-light pattern of the sky as a compass for navigation, there is little direct evidence that this information is actually sensed during flight. Here, we ask whether flying bees can obtain compass cues derived purely from polarized light, and communicate this information to their nest-mates through the 'waggle dance'. Bees, from an obser

Objectives. To study the correlation between Sunnybrook and House-Brackmann facial grading systems at different time points during the course of peripheral facial palsy. Study Design. Prospective multicenter trial. Setting. Seventeen otorhinolaryngological centers. Subjects and Methods. Data are part of the Scandinavian Bell's palsy study. The facial function of 1920 patients with peripheral facia

Tolerance is crucial for maintaining immunological balance and avoid autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes and the inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis (UC). In Study I, we have investigated the regulatory role of a class of noncoding RNAs, the miRNAs, during thymocyte development of the where central tolerance is established. We used the non-obese diabetic mouse (NOD) which is spon

In this paper, we introduce a non-parametric 2-D spectral estimator for smooth spectra, allowing for irregularly sampled measurements. The estimate is formed by assuming that the spectrum is smooth and will vary slowly over the frequency grids, such that the spectral density inside any given rectangle in the spectral grid may be approximated well as a plane. Using this framework, the 2-D spectrum

In a microvillar photoreceptor, absorption of an incident photon initiates a phototransduction reaction that generates a depolarizing light-induced current (LIC) in the microvillus. Although in-depth knowledge about these processes in photoreceptors of the fruitfly Drosophila is available, not much is known about their nature in other insect species. Here, we present description of some basic prop