In this paper, we study the problem of joint permutor analysis and design for J-dimensional multiple turbo codes with J constituent encoders, J>2. The concept of summary distance is extended to multiple permutors of size N and used as the design metric. Using the sphere-packing concept, we prove that the minimum length-2 summary distance (spread) Dmin,2 is asymptoticly upper-bounded by O(N J-1/J).

Popular Abstract in Swedish Förståelse är ett komplext begrepp. Det används dagligdags utan en motsvarande strikt vetenskaplig definition. Avhandlingen strävar efter att fånga olika aspekter av detta begrepp. Tesen är att förstå handlar om att se ett mönster, i betydelsen att man kan "se" strukturen i en uppgift, en princip eller ett problem. Att se ett mönster innebär också att man uppmärksammar The thesis proposes that understanding is a matter of experiencing a pattern. To experience a pattern involves seeing how a task, principle, or problem space is structured; to attend to the relevant information; and to be able to use that information as it relates to the knowledge domain at hand. The every day concept of understanding, which is a term used in many ways is discussed and it is explo

Extraordinary transmission through subwavelength apertures is usually observed in a narrow bandwidth range, and the transmission outside this range is low, in agreement with classical results. The analysis presented here is based on the Babinet's principle and hence scattering by the complementary structure, where the apertures are replaced by finite scatterers. It is shown that the transmission c

A many-body theory based on nonequilibrium Green functions, in which transport and optics are treated on a microscopic quantum-mechanical basis, is used to compute gain and absorption in the optical and terahertz regimes in quantum cascade laser structures. The relative importance of Coulomb interactions for different intersubband transitions depends strongly on the spatial overlap of the wave fun

Two different main concepts for the treatment of a severe traumatic brain injury have been established during the last 15 years, namely the more conventional concept recommended in well-established guidelines (eg, U.S. Guideline, European Guideline, Addelbrook's Guideline from Cambridge), on the one hand, and the Lund concept from the University Hospital of Lund, Sweden, on the other. Owing to the

Deal & Kennedy tar i sin förståelse av företaget utgångspunkt i de riter och ritualer som utvecklas inom företag. Viktiga beståndsdelar i dessa ritualer är olika motton, förekomsten av "hjältar", speciella ceremonier som t.ex. fester samt det kulturella nätverket eller den dolda hierarkin inom företaget.

Substituted aminomethylphenol dyes, low-molecular-mass isoelectric point (pI ) markers and hemoglobin samples from normal individuals and diabetic patients were used to test a new set-up of capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF) in uncoated capillaries. In previous cIEF methods, a mixture of sample components and carrier ampholytes was applied in the capillary and analyzed. In the new set-up a frac

Neurodegenerative diseases are commonly associated with the accumulation of intracellular or extracellular protein aggregates. Recent studies suggest that these aggregates are capable of crossing cellular membranes and can directly contribute to the propagation of neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. We propose that, once initiated, neuropathological changes might spread in a 'prion-like' manne

Aim: To characterize early amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) and single-channel EEG (aEEG/EEG) in very preterm (VPT) infants for prediction of long-term outcome. Patients: Forty-nine infants with median (range) gestational age of 25 (22-30) weeks. Methods: Amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram/EEG recorded during the first 72 h and analysed over 0-12, 12-24, 24-48 and 48-72 h,

Pseudogenes, nonfunctional copies of genes, evolve fast due the lack of evolutionary pressures and thus appear in several different forms. PseudoGeneQuest is an online tool to search the human genome for a given query sequence and to identify different types of pseudogenes as well as novel genes and gene fragments.

The aim of obstetric management is to identify growth-restricted foetuses at risk of severe intrauterine hypoxia, to monitor their health and to deliver when the adverse outcome is imminent. After 30-32 gestational weeks, a Doppler finding of absent or reverse end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery of a small-for-gestational age foetus is in itself an indication for delivery. In very preterm f