Genetic markers can be used as instrumental variables, in an analogous way to randomization in a clinical trial, to estimate the causal relationship between a phenotype and an outcome variable. Our purpose is to extend the existing methods for such Mendelian randomization studies to the context of multiple genetic markers measured in multiple studies, based on the analysis of individual participan

Context. The solution of the nonlocal thermodynamical equilibrium (non-LTE) radiative transfer equation usually relies on stationary iterative methods, which may falsely converge in some cases. Furthermore, these methods are often unable to handle large-scale systems, such as molecular spectra emerging from, for example, cool stellar atmospheres. Aims. Our objective is to develop a new method, whi

Popular Abstract in SwedishBarn till föräldrar med psykisk ohälsa är en eftersatt grupp. Syftet med denna studie är att studera pedagogers utveckling som kompletterande anknytningsperson i relation till en tre-årig fortbildning.Fortbildnigen ägde rum samtidigt som pedagogerna arbetade och innehöll teorier om barns utveckling, nämligen anknytningsteori, affektteori samt Sterns teori om barns självuChildren whose parents suffer from mental illness are a neglected group. The child´s need of a secure predictable grown up, is not always compatible with the parents abilities to care for the child. The objective in the thesis is to study and analyse preschool teacher´s development in relation to an in-service training for a period of three years and to study the development of the teacher´s work

Background: Propionibacterium acnes is a commensal of human skin but is also known to be involved in certain diseases, such as acne vulgaris and infections of orthopaedic implants. Treatment of these conditions is complicated by increased resistance to antibiotics and/or biofilm formation of P. acnes bacteria. P. acnes can be infected by bacteriophages, but until recently little has been known abo

We propose a new model that accounts for the asymmetric response of volatility to positive (`good news') and negative (`bad news') shocks in economic time series – the so-called leverage effect. In the past, asymmetric powers of errors in the conditionally heteroskedastic models have been used to capture this effect. Our model is using the gamma difference representation of the generalized Laplace

This Letter presents a search at the LHC for s-channel single top-quark production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The analyzed data set was recorded by the ATLAS detector and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb(-1). Selected events contain one charged lepton, large missing transverse momentum and exactly two b-tagged jets. A multivariate event class

Objective. The goal with this study was to evaluate the analytical performance of a new cystatin C immunoassay (Tina-quant (R) a Cystatin C, Roche Diagnostics GmbH). The evaluation was carried out at four centers according to a standardized protocol. Material and methods. The Tina-quant (R) a Cystatin C is a latex particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay. Roche cobas (R) 6000, MODULAR ANALYTICS

The evolution of the nuclear shell structure in the region of the neutron-rich shell-breaking nucleus Mg-32 has been the subject of considerable interest. We present here the first determination of the overlap of the ground and two first excited states in Mg-31 with a neutron coupled to the ground state in Mg-30 based on studies of its isobaric analog resonances in Al-31. The excitation function f

A distortional hardening elasto-plastic model at finite strains suitable for modeling of orthotropic materials is presented. As a prototype material, paperboard is considered. An in-plane model is established. The model developed is motivated from non-proportional loading tests on paperboard where the paperboard is pre-strained in one direction and then loaded in the perpendicular direction. A sof

T cells are key cellular components of the adaptive immune system that play a critical role in our defense against pathogens and cancer but also contribute to pathology in the setting of chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. The thymus constitutes the body's major T cell production site, where bone marrow-derived progenitors migrate in a co-ordinated fashion through anatomically distinct cortical

Implementation of sustainability criteria, both in legal frameworks and voluntary sustainability standards, is an urgent and important issue. In the article, three less state-centric governance approaches and their capacity to be used to implement sustainability criteria have been investigated. The chosen approaches are good governance, multi-level governance and selfgovernance. Their potential st

Stroke genetics includes several topics of clinical interest, including (1) molecular genetic variations affecting risk of monogenic stroke syndromes; (2) molecular genetic variations affecting risk of common stroke syndromes, sometimes with specific effects on risk of specific main types of stroke or subtypes of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke; (3) genetics of conditions associated with stroke ri

Objectives. The low molecular weight heparin, Dalteparin, shortens human labor time. The aim of this study was to investigate if the mechanism behind this effect involves myometrial contractility and cervical ripening and if the anticoagulative activity is necessary for its effect. Design. Experimental in vitro study. Setting. Lund University and Karolinska Institute, Sweden. Methods. The effect o